Häsler Robert, Mikš Marta Hanna, Bajic Danica, Soyyilmaz Buket, Bendik Igor, van Buul Vincent J, Steinert Robert E, Rehman Ateequr
Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland; dsm-firmenich, Glycom A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark.
Adv Nutr. 2025 Jun;16(6):100433. doi: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100433. Epub 2025 Apr 24.
The increasing global prevalence of inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome, represents a challenging task for healthcare systems. Several approaches to disease management target the intestinal microbiome, which plays a key role in health and disease. One promising approach is modulating the microbiome using human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). Originating from human milk, HMOs are indigestible carbohydrates that act in a host-optimized prebiotic fashion by providing an energy source for health-promoting intestinal bacteria and exhibiting systemic effects. Commercial products supporting infant health and development have been the primary fields of HMO application. Advancements in the large-scale production of HMOs through bioengineering and precision fermentation have led to evaluation of their potential for managing inflammatory diseases. Several in vitro studies and observations on model systems have been clinically validated in infants, resulting in a large body of evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of HMOs in inflammatory disorders. Although novel approaches seek to explore interventions in adults, the primary goal for the future is to provide cost-efficient, safe, and reliable healthcare compounds across all age groups.
全球范围内，诸如溃疡性结肠炎和肠易激综合征等炎症性疾病的患病率不断上升，这给医疗系统带来了一项具有挑战性的任务。疾病管理的几种方法都针对肠道微生物群，而肠道微生物群在健康和疾病中起着关键作用。一种有前景的方法是使用人乳寡糖（HMOs）来调节微生物群。HMOs源自人乳，是不可消化的碳水化合物，它们通过为促进健康的肠道细菌提供能量来源并发挥全身作用，以宿主优化的益生元方式发挥作用。支持婴儿健康和发育的商业产品一直是HMOs应用的主要领域。通过生物工程和精准发酵实现HMOs的大规模生产取得了进展，这促使人们评估其在管理炎症性疾病方面的潜力。一些体外研究和对模型系统的观察已在婴儿身上得到临床验证，从而产生了大量证据支持HMOs在炎症性疾病中的安全性和有效性。尽管新方法试图探索针对成年人的干预措施，但未来的主要目标是为所有年龄段提供经济高效、安全可靠的医疗保健化合物。
