模拟禁食饮食（FMD）对心血管危险因素的影响：一项随机对照试验的系统评价和荟萃分析
Impact of Fasting Mimicking Diet (FMD) on cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.
作者信息
Mohammadzadeh Milad, Amirpour Mahdi, Ahmadirad Hamid, Abdi Fatemeh, Khalesi Saman, Naghshi Niayesh, Bahrami Alireza, Hejazi Ehsan
机构信息
Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and food science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
出版信息
Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025 Apr 26;17(1):137. doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01709-5.
INTRODUCTION
The Fasting Mimicking Diet (FMD) has gained significant attention as a potential intervention for reducing cardiovascular risk factors. While studies have investigated its effectiveness, findings have been inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify evidence on the impact of FMD on cardiovascular risk factors.
METHOD
PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for eligible Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to July 2024. Weighted mean differences (WMD) were calculated for the net changes in risk factors using random-effects models.
RESULTS
Eleven RCTs (with twelve treatment arms) were included. FMD significantly reduced glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (WMD = -8.589 mmol/mol, 95% CI: -12.389, -4.769), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) (WMD= -19.211 ng/ml, 95% CI: -32.986, -5.437), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD = -4.148 mmHg, 95% CI: -7.584, -0.711), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD = -2.263 mmHg, 95% CI: -4.162, -0.364) levels. No significant effects were observed on other cardiovascular risk factors.
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis suggests that FMD can significantly reduce HbA1c, IGF-1, SBP, and DBP levels. Further research is warranted to investigate the long-term and potential clinical implications of FMD on cardiovascular health.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION
The protocol of the study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO registration no: CRD42024569426).
引言
模拟禁食饮食（FMD）作为一种降低心血管危险因素的潜在干预措施已受到广泛关注。尽管已有研究对其有效性进行了调查，但结果并不一致。因此，本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在阐明FMD对心血管危险因素影响的证据。
方法
检索了PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus和谷歌学术，以查找截至2024年7月发表的符合条件的随机对照试验（RCT）。使用随机效应模型计算危险因素净变化的加权平均差（WMD）。
结果
纳入了11项RCT（共12个治疗组）。FMD显著降低了糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）（WMD = -8.589 mmol/mol，95%CI：-12.389，-4.769）、胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）（WMD = -19.211 ng/ml，95%CI：-32.986，-5.437）、收缩压（SBP）（WMD = -4.148 mmHg，95%CI：-7.584，-0.711）和舒张压（DBP）（WMD = -2.263 mmHg，95%CI：-4.162，-0.364）水平。未观察到对其他心血管危险因素有显著影响。
结论
该荟萃分析表明，FMD可显著降低HbA1c、IGF-1、SBP和DBP水平。有必要进一步研究FMD对心血管健康的长期影响及潜在临床意义。
PROSPERO注册：该研究方案已在国际系统评价前瞻性注册库（PROSPERO注册号：CRD42024569426）中注册。
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