Jiang Ping, Li Jian
General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110016, China.
Mater Today Bio. 2025 Apr 17;32:101781. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101781. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Depression and cognitive disorders remain major challenges in healthcare, with conventional treatments often facing limitations such as slow onset, side effects, and poor drug delivery to the brain. Biomimetic nanodelivery systems, including nanozymes, cell membrane-based systems, and exosomes, have emerged as promising solutions to these issues. These systems leverage natural biological processes to enhance drug targeting, improve bioavailability, and regulate complex biological pathways. Nanoenzymes, with their catalytic properties, offer antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits, while cell membranes and exosomes provide efficient targeting and immune evasion. However, challenges remain, including the immaturity of large-scale production techniques, stability concerns, and incomplete understanding of their mechanisms of action. Moreover, the long-term safety, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of these systems require further investigation. Despite these obstacles, the potential of biomimetic nanodelivery systems to revolutionize depression treatment is significant. Future research should focus on optimizing their preparation, improving drug targeting and release, and ensuring clinical safety. Multidisciplinary collaboration will be essential for advancing these systems from the laboratory to clinical practice, offering new therapeutic avenues for depression and other neurological disorders.
抑郁症和认知障碍仍然是医疗保健领域的重大挑战，传统治疗方法往往面临起效缓慢、副作用以及药物向大脑输送效果不佳等局限性。包括纳米酶、基于细胞膜的系统和外泌体在内的仿生纳米递送系统已成为解决这些问题的有前景的方案。这些系统利用天然生物过程来增强药物靶向性、提高生物利用度并调节复杂的生物途径。纳米酶凭借其催化特性，具有抗氧化和抗炎作用，而细胞膜和外泌体则提供高效靶向性和免疫逃逸功能。然而，挑战依然存在，包括大规模生产技术不成熟、稳定性问题以及对其作用机制的不完全理解。此外，这些系统的长期安全性、药代动力学和毒性还需要进一步研究。尽管存在这些障碍，仿生纳米递送系统彻底改变抑郁症治疗的潜力巨大。未来的研究应专注于优化其制备方法、改善药物靶向性和释放，并确保临床安全性。多学科合作对于将这些系统从实验室推进到临床实践至关重要，可为抑郁症和其他神经系统疾病提供新的治疗途径。
