Sarmiento-Riveros Ana, Aguilar-Cordero María José, Barahona-Barahona Juan A, Galindo Gabriel E, Carvallo Claudia, Crespo Fernando A, Burgos Héctor
Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago 8370003, Chile.
CTS-367, Andalusian Plan for Research, Development and Innovation, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Nutrients. 2025 Mar 20;17(6):1088. doi: 10.3390/nu17061088.
Obesity and depression are public health issues of increasing concern worldwide. This study aims to evaluate programs that address obesity and their impact on depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. Obesity and depression share a bidirectional relationship, where each can serve as both a cause and a consequence of the other.
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA criteria, with the registration recorded under PROSPERO code (CRD42024550644). The selected publications report on intervention programs for obesity and depression in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years. The selection was from databases including PUBMED, SCOPUS, LILACS, COCHRANE, WOS, SciELO, and ScienceDirect, using PICOS criteria to define inclusion. ROB-2 and ROBINS-1 were applied to assess bias.
Out of 3376 articles reviewed, eight met the inclusion criteria, some including several programs. These programs varied in duration and type, demonstrating changes in reducing Body Mass Index (BMI) and depressive symptoms. However, evidence supporting the effectiveness of programs that address both conditions is limited, particularly in developing countries. Additionally, the results exhibit high heterogeneity due to the diversity of evaluation criteria and methodological approaches, highlighting considerable risks of bias.
Intervention programs for obesity management show statistically significant effects on depressive symptoms, although there is heterogeneity in the designs for their standardization and long-term follow-up strategies; however, the evaluations consider DSM-5 and ICD-11 criteria, which contributes to homogeneity. It is vital to address these closely related issues from a multidimensional perspective, considering socio-emotional and psychological factors, and to promote early intervention to maximize effectiveness and enhance quality of life at various stages of development.
肥胖和抑郁症是全球范围内日益受到关注的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在评估针对肥胖的项目及其对儿童和青少年抑郁症状的影响。肥胖和抑郁症存在双向关系，二者均可互为因果。
按照PRISMA标准进行系统综述和荟萃分析，注册记录在PROSPERO代码（CRD42024550644）下。所选出版物报告了针对6至18岁儿童和青少年肥胖与抑郁症的干预项目。通过包括PUBMED、SCOPUS、LILACS、COCHRANE、WOS、SciELO和ScienceDirect在内的数据库进行筛选，使用PICOS标准定义纳入标准。应用ROB - 2和ROBINS - 1评估偏倚。
在审查的3376篇文章中，有8篇符合纳入标准，其中一些文章包含多个项目。这些项目在持续时间和类型上各不相同，显示出在降低体重指数（BMI）和抑郁症状方面的变化。然而，支持同时解决这两种情况的项目有效性的证据有限，尤其是在发展中国家。此外，由于评估标准和方法的多样性，结果显示出高度异质性，突出了相当大的偏倚风险。
肥胖管理干预项目对抑郁症状显示出统计学上的显著效果，尽管在标准化设计和长期随访策略方面存在异质性；然而，评估考虑了DSM - 5和ICD - 11标准，这有助于提高同质性。从多维角度考虑社会情感和心理因素来解决这些密切相关的问题，并促进早期干预以在不同发展阶段最大化有效性并提高生活质量至关重要。
