Bukowczan Artur, Raftopoulos Konstantinos N, Pielichowski Krzysztof
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Mar 15;17(6):784. doi: 10.3390/polym17060784.
Studies on polyurethane (PU) materials offer advantageous properties utilized in various applications. The complex nature of the PUs structure and morphology gives them unique properties, but at the same time poses a considerable challenge for the characterization and design of structure-property relationships. Polyurethanes with tailored crystallinity can exhibit peculiar resistance to mechanical and chemical factors, allowing a widening range of application. Liquid crystalline polyurethanes have gained renewed interest thanks to the development of research methodologies and new possibilities for modifying diol and isocyanate monomers. The study shows that liquid crystal phenomena in polyurethanes can be effectively used for polymer compatibilization, in the fiber and nanofibers applications, as well as in 'smart' multi-stimuli materials.
对聚氨酯（PU）材料的研究揭示了其在各种应用中所具备的优势特性。聚氨酯结构和形态的复杂性赋予了它们独特的性能，但同时也给结构-性能关系的表征和设计带来了巨大挑战。具有定制结晶度的聚氨酯能够展现出对机械和化学因素的特殊抗性，从而拓展了应用范围。由于研究方法的发展以及二醇和异氰酸酯单体改性的新可能性，液晶聚氨酯重新引起了人们的关注。研究表明，聚氨酯中的液晶现象可有效应用于聚合物增容、纤维和纳米纤维应用以及“智能”多刺激材料中。
