Lei Shengnan, Chen Tuo, Zhou Jianye, Zhu Linghong, Zhang Zilong, Xie Xiaodong, Zhang Xu, Khan Ikram, Li Zhiqiang
Department of Medicine, Northwest MINZU University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Apr 14;15:1506382. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1506382. eCollection 2025.
The blood microbiome, increasingly recognized as a distinct microbial niche, may originate partly from oral translocation. We systematically compared circulating and oral microbiome profiles between healthy individuals and myocardial infarction (MI) patients to identify disease-associated signatures.
The current study recruited 20 participants, including 10 healthy controls and 10 patients with MI. Blood and Saliva samples were collected from each participant to analyze the association between blood and oral microbiome in MI patients using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
The blood microbiome showed significantly greater alpha diversity than the oral microbiome (p<0.05), but beta diversity did not differ significantly. The blood microbiome in MI patients had higher levels of Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, genus Bacteroides, and lower Proteobacteria, whereas the oral microbiome was dominated by Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Veillonella, and Prevotella_7. LEfSe analysis revealed distinct blood microbial taxa-Actinobacteria in MI patients and Enterobacterales in controls. In contrast, the oral microbiota of healthy subjects was enriched in Rothia, Micrococcaceae, and Micrococcales, while no distinct taxa were associated with MI. Both blood and oral microbiomes showed significant functional pathway differences (KEGG) between groups. Additionally, microbiome signatures significantly correlated with clinical and demographic markers.
Our study demonstrates that the blood harbors a distinct microbiome characterized by specific microbial taxa and functional pathways rather than merely reflecting oral bacterial translocation. These findings suggest that the circulating microbiome may play an active role in the pathology of MI. Furthermore, we identified significant associations between these microbial signatures and clinical disease markers. This highlights the potential importance of the blood microbiome in understanding the mechanisms underlying MI and its diagnostic or therapeutic implications.
血液微生物群越来越被认为是一个独特的微生物生态位，其部分可能源于口腔微生物的易位。我们系统地比较了健康个体和心肌梗死（MI）患者的循环微生物群和口腔微生物群特征，以确定与疾病相关的特征。
本研究招募了20名参与者，包括10名健康对照者和10名MI患者。采集每位参与者的血液和唾液样本，使用16S rRNA基因测序分析MI患者血液和口腔微生物群之间的关联。
血液微生物群的α多样性显著高于口腔微生物群（p<0.05），但β多样性无显著差异。MI患者的血液微生物群中厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌属水平较高，变形菌门水平较低，而口腔微生物群以厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、韦荣球菌属和普雷沃氏菌属_7为主。线性判别分析效应大小（LEfSe）分析显示，MI患者血液中有独特的微生物分类群——放线菌，而对照组中有肠杆菌目。相比之下，健康受试者的口腔微生物群中罗氏菌属、微球菌科和微球菌目富集，而MI患者无独特的分类群。血液和口腔微生物群在两组之间均显示出显著的功能通路差异（京都基因与基因组百科全书）。此外，微生物群特征与临床和人口统计学指标显著相关。
我们的研究表明，血液中存在一个独特的微生物群，其特征是特定的微生物分类群和功能通路，而不仅仅是反映口腔细菌的易位。这些发现表明，循环微生物群可能在MI的病理过程中发挥积极作用。此外，我们确定了这些微生物特征与临床疾病标志物之间的显著关联。这突出了血液微生物群在理解MI潜在机制及其诊断或治疗意义方面的潜在重要性。
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