Liang Lingyun, Ma Cailing, Li Yan, Mijiti Yilidana, Zhang Lipeng, Liu Yanjia
The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Department of Gynecology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China.
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Apr 14;15:1544794. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1544794. eCollection 2025.
We investigated the changes in vaginal microbiota among females with persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection following cervical conization in Xinjiang, China.
A total of 108 female participants were enrolled in the study, including 37 HPV-positive females without cervical conization (Group P1), 37 HPV-positive females after cervical conization (Group P2), and 34 HPV-negative females after cervical conization (Group N). DNA was extracted from vaginal secretions, and the V3-V4 regions of bacterial 16S rDNA were amplified and sequenced using NovaSeq technology. The diversity analysis of the bacterial microbiota was conducted using QIIME2 and R software, while the phenotypic analysis was performed with Bugbase software.
Lactobacillus was the predominant genus in the vaginal microbiota of women with persistent HPV infection after cervical conization in Xinjiang. Following partial cervical resection, the α-diversity of the vaginal microbiota decreased, particularly among patients who had cleared HPV. Bacterial vaginosis-associated anaerobes were common in the vaginal environment, with their relative abundance increasing in cases of persistent HPV infection. Postoperative persistent HPV infection was found to be correlated not only with pathogens linked to bacterial vaginosis but also with those associated with aerobic vaginitis. Gardnerella and Atopobium, as well as Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus, demonstrated a symbiotic synergy. Both Lactobacillus and Gardnerella exhibited negative correlations with many pathogenic bacteria. Anaerobic and biofilm formation were the most evident phenotypes in individuals with persistent HPV infection after conization.
The vaginal microbiota of women with persistent HPV infection following cervical conization is characterized by the coexistence of Lactobacillus dominance and increased microbial diversity. Anaerobic bacteria and biofilm formation may play a significant role in the persistence of HPV infection post-surgery, and the role of Gardnerella in the vaginal flora under an HPV-infected state warrants further study.
我们调查了中国新疆宫颈锥切术后持续性人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染女性的阴道微生物群变化。
本研究共纳入108名女性参与者，包括37名未进行宫颈锥切的HPV阳性女性（P1组）、37名宫颈锥切术后的HPV阳性女性（P2组）和34名宫颈锥切术后的HPV阴性女性（N组）。从阴道分泌物中提取DNA，并使用NovaSeq技术对细菌16S rDNA的V3-V4区域进行扩增和测序。使用QIIME2和R软件进行细菌微生物群的多样性分析，同时使用Bugbase软件进行表型分析。
在新疆，宫颈锥切术后持续性HPV感染女性的阴道微生物群中，乳酸杆菌是主要菌属。部分宫颈切除术后，阴道微生物群的α多样性降低，尤其是HPV已清除的患者。细菌性阴道病相关厌氧菌在阴道环境中很常见，在持续性HPV感染病例中其相对丰度增加。发现术后持续性HPV感染不仅与细菌性阴道病相关病原体有关，还与需氧性阴道炎相关病原体有关。加德纳菌和阿托波菌，以及双歧杆菌和链球菌表现出共生协同作用。乳酸杆菌和加德纳菌均与许多病原菌呈负相关。厌氧和生物膜形成是锥切术后持续性HPV感染个体中最明显的表型。
宫颈锥切术后持续性HPV感染女性的阴道微生物群特点是乳酸杆菌占优势且微生物多样性增加。厌氧菌和生物膜形成可能在术后HPV感染的持续存在中起重要作用，加德纳菌在HPV感染状态下阴道菌群中的作用值得进一步研究。
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