Hu Xing, Liu Cong, Rcheulishvili Nino, Wang Yunzhi, Xiong Ting, Xie Fengfei, Wang Xingyun, Chen Ruiai, Wang Peng George, He Yunjiao
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Microbiol Spectr. 2025 Jun 3;13(6):e0290924. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02909-24. Epub 2025 Apr 29.
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal infectious disease affecting pigs. Although several vaccine formulations have been developed to protect from ASF virus (ASFV) infection, none have yet provided complete protection without side effects or the risk of progressing to chronic infection. mRNA vaccines offer unparalleled advantages in terms of safety and ability to induce immune responses. In this study, we designed six mRNA vaccines encoding key antigenic proteins of ASFV- B602L, CD2V, EP153R, P30, P54, and P72 and combined them into an mRNA cocktail for vaccination in mice and pigs. Our findings suggest that the mRNA cocktail is capable of provoking robust multivalent humoral and cellular immune responses while maintaining a favorable safety profile. Thus, it may serve as a potential approach for controlling ASF transmission, contributing to the ongoing efforts to develop effective and safe ASFV vaccines. The administration of the mRNA cocktail induced both humoral and cellular immune responses in mice and pigs, suggesting a potential for future ASFV vaccine development.IMPORTANCEThis study explores an mRNA vaccine encoding six critical African swine fever virus (ASFV) antigens (B602L, CD2V, EP153R, P30, P54, P72), demonstrating its ability to induce robust humoral and cellular immune responses in both mice and pigs. This innovative approach serves as a significant advancement in ASFV vaccine development by addressing safety and efficacy concerns. The findings suggest that the mRNA cocktail developed in this study represents a step forward in ASFV vaccine research and development. This strategy holds promise for contributing to ASFV control by offering possibly safer and more effective alternatives to conventional vaccines. This could significantly impact ASF management and prevention strategies globally, ultimately benefiting animal health and reducing economic losses.
非洲猪瘟（ASF）是一种影响猪的高致死性传染病。尽管已经研发出几种疫苗制剂来预防非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）感染，但尚无一种能在无副作用或无进展为慢性感染风险的情况下提供完全保护。mRNA疫苗在安全性和诱导免疫反应的能力方面具有无与伦比的优势。在本研究中，我们设计了六种编码ASFV关键抗原蛋白（B602L、CD2V、EP153R、P30、P54和P72）的mRNA疫苗，并将它们组合成一种mRNA混合物用于小鼠和猪的疫苗接种。我们的研究结果表明，该mRNA混合物能够激发强大的多价体液免疫和细胞免疫反应，同时保持良好的安全性。因此，它可能是控制ASF传播的一种潜在方法，有助于当前开发有效且安全的ASFV疫苗的工作。mRNA混合物的接种在小鼠和猪中均诱导了体液免疫和细胞免疫反应，表明其在未来ASFV疫苗开发方面具有潜力。
重要性
本研究探索了一种编码六种关键非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）抗原（B602L、CD2V、EP153R、P30、P54、P72）的mRNA疫苗，证明了其在小鼠和猪中诱导强大体液免疫和细胞免疫反应的能力。这种创新方法通过解决安全性和有效性问题，在ASFV疫苗开发方面取得了重大进展。研究结果表明，本研究中开发的mRNA混合物代表了ASFV疫苗研发的一个进步。该策略有望通过提供可能比传统疫苗更安全、更有效的替代品，为ASFV的控制做出贡献。这可能会对全球的ASF管理和预防策略产生重大影响，最终有益于动物健康并减少经济损失。
