Zhang Zhijin, Cao Mingze, Shang Zixuan, Xu Jing, Chen Xu, Zhu Zhen, Wang Weiwei, Wei Xiaojuan, Zhou Xuzheng, Bai Yubin, Zhang Jiyu
Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China.
College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Congtai District, Handan 056038, China.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2025 Mar 22;14(4):334. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics14040334.
The use of antibiotics has greatly improved the treatment of bacterial infections; however, its abuse and misuse has led to a rapid rise in multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Therefore, the search for new antimicrobial strategies has become critical. Natural flavonoids, a class of widely existing phytochemicals, have gained significant research interest for their diverse biological activities and antibacterial effects on various drug-resistant bacteria. This review summarizes the latest research progress on flavonoids, with a particular focus on several flavonoids exhibiting certain antibacterial activity, and explores their antibacterial mechanisms, including disruption of cell membranes and cell walls, inhibition of proteins and nucleic acids, interference with signal transduction, suppression of efflux pump activity, and inhibition of biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Additionally, we have reviewed the synergistic combinations of flavonoids with antibiotics, such as the combination of quercetin with colistin or EGCG with tetracycline, which significantly enhance therapeutic efficacy.
抗生素的使用极大地改善了细菌感染的治疗；然而，其滥用和误用导致了多重耐药（MDR）细菌的迅速增加。因此，寻找新的抗菌策略变得至关重要。天然黄酮类化合物是一类广泛存在的植物化学物质，因其多样的生物活性和对各种耐药细菌的抗菌作用而受到了广泛的研究关注。本综述总结了黄酮类化合物的最新研究进展，特别关注了几种具有一定抗菌活性的黄酮类化合物，并探讨了它们的抗菌机制，包括破坏细胞膜和细胞壁、抑制蛋白质和核酸、干扰信号转导、抑制外排泵活性以及抑制生物膜形成和毒力因子产生。此外，我们还综述了黄酮类化合物与抗生素的协同组合，如槲皮素与黏菌素的组合或表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）与四环素的组合，这些组合显著提高了治疗效果。
