Sobhany M S, Rogers C S
Int J Obes. 1985;9(2):99-106.
External responsiveness to food and non-food cues was studied among 112 obese and 134 non-obese children ranging in age from 42 to 156 months. Subjects viewed five food and five non-food items and stated a preference between an immediate smaller and a delayed larger choice. Young (ages 3-5 years) children's abilities to delay gratification were significantly lower than were those of school children, a finding consistent with research on delay of gratification. Obese subjects at both ages had lower delay scores for immediate gratification on food items than did non-obese subjects. The delay scores of obese and non-obese subjects on non-food items were not significantly different from each other. Results were discussed in terms of the ontogeny of externality.
对112名肥胖儿童和134名非肥胖儿童（年龄在42至156个月之间）的外部食物和非食物线索反应进行了研究。受试者观看了五种食物和五种非食物物品，并在即时较小奖励和延迟较大奖励之间做出选择。幼儿（3至5岁）延迟满足的能力明显低于学龄儿童，这一发现与延迟满足的研究结果一致。两个年龄段的肥胖受试者在食物项目上即时满足的延迟得分均低于非肥胖受试者。肥胖和非肥胖受试者在非食物项目上的延迟得分没有显著差异。根据外部性的个体发生过程对结果进行了讨论。
