Yasir Rasha Muhsin, Zaki Neihaya Heikmat
Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2025 Apr 1;26(4):1303-1311. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2025.26.4.1303.
Selenium, an essential micronutrient, plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including immune function, fertility, and the prevention of chronic diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancers. While selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have garnered significant attention for their potential in cancer therapy, their biosynthesis using eco-friendly methods remains a key area of research.
In this study, Escherichia coli isolates were utilized to biosynthesize SeNPs from sodium selenite (25, 50, and 100 mM) at pH 8 and 160 rpm for 48 hours. The biosynthesized SeNPs were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities of the synthesized SeNPs were evaluated against human colorectal carcinoma (SW480), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and normal human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cell lines.
The biosynthesis process resulted in a reddish-brown coloration of the medium, indicating the formation of SeNPs. Characterization techniques confirmed the successful synthesis of SeNPs with a size range of 21.96-50.71 nm. The SeNPs exhibited significant antioxidant activity, with a maximum radical scavenging efficiency of 80.21% at a concentration of 100 µg/ml. Additionally, the SeNPs demonstrated potent anti-proliferative effects against both SW480 and HepG2 cell lines, with IC50 values of 3.9 and 4.5 µg/ml, respectively. Importantly, the SeNPs exhibited negligible cytotoxicity towards normal HEK293 cells.
The eco-friendly biosynthesis of SeNPs using E. coli offers a promising approach for producing nanoparticles with potential applications in biomedical fields. The synthesized SeNPs demonstrated potent antioxidant and anti-cancer properties, suggesting their potential as a novel therapeutic agent.
硒是一种必需的微量营养素，在各种生理过程中发挥着关键作用，包括免疫功能、生育能力以及预防糖尿病、心血管疾病和某些癌症等慢性疾病。虽然硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs）因其在癌症治疗中的潜力而备受关注，但利用环保方法进行生物合成仍是一个关键的研究领域。
在本研究中，利用大肠杆菌分离株在pH 8和160 rpm条件下，从亚硒酸钠（25、50和100 mM）生物合成SeNPs，持续48小时。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、紫外可见光谱、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和原子力显微镜（AFM）对生物合成的SeNPs进行表征。评估合成的SeNPs对人结肠直肠癌（SW480）、人肝细胞癌（HepG2）和正常人胚肾（HEK293）细胞系的抗氧化和抗增殖活性。
生物合成过程导致培养基呈红棕色，表明形成了SeNPs。表征技术证实成功合成了尺寸范围为21.96 - 50.71 nm的SeNPs。SeNPs表现出显著的抗氧化活性，在浓度为100 µg/ml时，最大自由基清除效率为80.21%。此外，SeNPs对SW480和HepG2细胞系均表现出强大的抗增殖作用，IC50值分别为3.9和4.5 µg/ml。重要的是，SeNPs对正常HEK293细胞的细胞毒性可忽略不计。
利用大肠杆菌进行SeNPs的环保生物合成提供了一种有前景的方法，可生产在生物医学领域具有潜在应用的纳米颗粒。合成的SeNPs表现出强大的抗氧化和抗癌特性，表明它们作为新型治疗剂的潜力。
