Biological Sciences Department, College of Science & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia.
Poult Sci. 2023 Sep;102(9):102848. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102848. Epub 2023 Jun 10.
Selenium is one of the necessary micronutrients needed for enhanced gut microbiota and oxidative stress of poultry, so it improves their performance. In this study, Bacillus subtilus DA20 isolate that identified at the gene level by PCR was employed to produce eco-friendly selenium nanoparticles (BSeNPs) and investigate their effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, and gut microbiota of Indian River (IR) broiler chickens. The obtained selenium nanoparticles were spherical with size of 56 nm and net negative charge of -22.36 mV; the BSeNPs were surrounded with active compounds, which besides the tiny size attributed to antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Forty hundred and eighty unsexed IR broilers, 1-day old, were reared for 35 d. The chicks were weighed separately and distributed into 3 treatment groups; each group contained 4 replicates (40 birds per replicate). Chicks in the first, second, third, fourth groups were fed control diets supplemented with 0, 20, 40, and 60 µg/kg of BSeNPs, respectively; but the fifth group was fed 300 µg/kg bulk selenium. Dietary supplementation with BSeNPs (40 µg/kg diet) significantly increased the body weight of chicks and decreased the feed conversion ratio. Additionally, dietary BSeNPs significantly (P = 0.046) lowered the fat content in broiler by 24% compared to the control; on the other hand, the breast muscle significantly increased (P = 0.035) by 19%. The content of total bacterial count (TBC), total yeast mold count (TYMC), E. coli, and Salmonella counts significantly was decreased with BSeNPs and Se compared to the control. However, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was significantly increased with BSeNPs (60 μg/kg) when compared to control, showing the beneficial effects of BSeNPs in reducing pathogens and enhancing the beneficial bacteria, which reflects on the broiler performance.
硒是增强家禽肠道微生物群和氧化应激所必需的微量元素之一，因此可以提高其性能。在这项研究中，通过 PCR 在基因水平上鉴定的枯草芽孢杆菌 DA20 分离株被用于生产环保型硒纳米颗粒（BSeNPs），并研究其对印度河（IR）肉鸡生长性能、胴体特性、血液参数和肠道微生物群的影响。获得的硒纳米颗粒为球形，粒径为 56nm，净负电荷为-22.36mV；BSeNPs 被活性化合物包围，除了微小的尺寸外，还具有抗氧化和抗菌活性。480 只雌雄不分的 IR 肉鸡，1 日龄，饲养 35 天。小鸡分别称重，并分为 3 个处理组；每个组包含 4 个重复（每个重复 40 只鸟）。第一、二、三、四组小鸡分别饲喂对照日粮，分别添加 0、20、40 和 60μg/kg 的 BSeNPs；第五组则饲喂 300μg/kg 单质硒。日粮中添加 BSeNPs（40μg/kg 日粮）显著提高了雏鸡的体重，降低了饲料转化率。此外，与对照组相比，日粮 BSeNPs 显著（P=0.046）降低了肉鸡脂肪含量 24%；另一方面，胸肌显著增加（P=0.035）19%。与对照组相比，BSeNPs 和 Se 可显著降低总细菌计数（TBC）、总酵母霉菌计数（TYMC）、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌计数。然而，与对照组相比，BSeNPs（60μg/kg）可显著增加乳酸菌（LAB），表明 BSeNPs 具有减少病原体和增强有益细菌的有益作用，这反映了肉鸡的性能。
