沉浸式虚拟现实电子健康干预对减轻孕妇焦虑和抑郁的效果：随机对照试验

Immersive Virtual Reality eHealth Intervention to Reduce Anxiety and Depression in Pregnant Women: Randomized Controlled Trial.

作者信息

Jimenez-Barragan Marta, Del Pino Gutierrez Amparo, Sauch Valmaña Gloria, Monistrol Olga, Monge Marcet Carme, Pallarols Badia Mar, Garrido Ignasi, Carmona Ruiz Anna, Porta Roda Oriol, Esquinas Cristina, Falguera Puig Gemma

机构信息

Department of Public Health, Mental Health and Maternal and Child Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Health Promotion in Rural Areas Research Group, Gerència Territorial de la Catalunya Central, Institut Català de la Salut, Institut Universitari per la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain.

出版信息

JMIR Hum Factors. 2025 Apr 30;12:e71708. doi: 10.2196/71708.

DOI:10.2196/71708

PMID:40306641

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12079065/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Mental health during pregnancy is a critical factor influencing maternal and fetal outcomes. Anxiety and depression affect up to 30% of pregnant women, with significant consequences for maternal well-being and child development. Despite this, interventions during pregnancy remain limited, creating a need for innovative, accessible solutions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an immersive virtual reality (IVR) eHealth intervention in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms in women during pregnancy.

METHODS

A 2-arm, randomized controlled trial was conducted across 5 primary care centers in Catalonia, Spain, between October 2021 and May 2024. The study included pregnant women (N=70) aged ≥18 years with moderate anxiety and depression symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS] scores: 9-12) at 12 to 14 weeks of gestation. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to an IVR intervention or standard care group. The intervention group engaged in daily 14-minute IVR mindfulness and relaxation sessions for 6 weeks. Mental health outcomes were assessed using the EPDS and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.

RESULTS

The intervention group demonstrated significant reductions in EPDS scores, with a mean decrease from 11.32 (SD 0.96) to 7.25 (SD 1.32; P<.001), compared to an increase in the control group from 11.32 (SD 0.94) to 16.23 (SD 1.25; P<.001). Similarly, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scores improved markedly in the intervention group (mean decrease from 57.94, SD 5.23 to 35.03, SD 6.12; coefficient -30.47, 95% CI -45.23 to -15.72; P<.001), while the control group experienced a nonsignificant increase (from 66.10, SD 5.89 to 72.91, SD 6.34; P=.68). High adherence rates were observed, with 79% (26/33) of participants completing ≥30 sessions. Participant satisfaction was high, with 87% (29/33) reporting being "very satisfied" with the intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

The IVR eHealth intervention significantly reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression, demonstrating its potential as an accessible and effective tool for mental health support during pregnancy. High adherence and satisfaction levels underscore its feasibility and acceptability. Future research should explore the long-term effects and scalability of IVR interventions in diverse settings.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05756205; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05756205.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.1186/s12912-023-01440-4.

摘要

背景

孕期心理健康是影响母婴结局的关键因素。焦虑和抑郁影响着多达30%的孕妇，对母亲的幸福和儿童发育产生重大影响。尽管如此，孕期干预措施仍然有限，因此需要创新且易于获得的解决方案。

目的

本研究旨在评估沉浸式虚拟现实（IVR）电子健康干预对减轻孕期女性焦虑和抑郁症状的有效性。

方法

2021年10月至2024年5月期间，在西班牙加泰罗尼亚的5个初级保健中心进行了一项双臂随机对照试验。该研究纳入了年龄≥18岁、在妊娠12至14周时患有中度焦虑和抑郁症状（爱丁堡产后抑郁量表[EPDS]评分：9 - 12）的孕妇（N = 70）。她们被随机分配（1:1）到IVR干预组或标准护理组。干预组每天进行14分钟的IVR正念和放松训练，为期6周。使用EPDS和状态 - 特质焦虑量表评估心理健康结局。

结果

干预组的EPDS评分显著降低，平均从11.32（标准差0.96）降至7.25（标准差1.32；P <.001），而对照组则从11.32（标准差0.94）增至16.23（标准差1.25；P <.001）。同样，干预组的状态 - 特质焦虑量表评分显著改善（平均从57.94，标准差5.23降至35.03，标准差6.12；系数 - 30.47，95%置信区间 - 45.23至 - 15.72；P <.001），而对照组则有不显著的增加（从66.10，标准差5.89增至72.91，标准差6.34；P = 0.68）。观察到高依从率，79%（26/33）的参与者完成了≥30次训练。参与者满意度很高，87%（29/33）的人报告对干预“非常满意”。