Jang Sung Joon, de la Rosa Pedro A, Padgett R Noah, Bradshaw Matt, VanderWeele Tyler J, Johnson Byron R
Baylor University, Waco, USA.
Pepperdine University, Malibu, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 30;15(1):14324. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76318-9.
Cigarette use, a leading cause of preventable disease and millions of deaths worldwide each year, is not often studied separately from other tobacco use, and global data and previous studies on cigarette smoking are based mostly on its prevalence rather than quantity. To address these oversights, we analyze the first wave of data from Global Flourishing Study, a study of over 200,000 adults nationally representative of 22 countries. We measured cigarette smoking by daily consumption per capita (mean) and per individual who smoked (intensity) as well as prevalence. The mean of daily smoking was positively correlated with the prevalence, whereas the intensity was not significantly related to the prevalence. Similarly, we found that random effects meta-analysis results of country-specific means of daily smoking in each category of demographic variables (age, gender, marital status, employment, religious service attendance, education, and immigration status) were more consistent with the results of prevalence than was the case with intensity, though there was variation across countries. Overall findings indicate the importance of studying the intensity as well as prevalence of smoking, as they are distinct and thus both required in order to assess tobacco-associated health risks and establish informed tobacco control policies.
吸烟是可预防疾病的主要成因，每年在全球导致数百万人死亡。吸烟情况通常未与其他烟草使用情况分开研究，而且此前关于吸烟的全球数据和研究大多基于吸烟率，而非吸烟量。为解决这些疏忽，我们分析了全球繁荣研究（Global Flourishing Study）第一波数据，该研究涵盖了来自22个国家具有全国代表性的20多万成年人。我们通过人均每日消费量（均值）和每个吸烟者的消费量（强度）以及吸烟率来衡量吸烟情况。每日吸烟均值与吸烟率呈正相关，而吸烟强度与吸烟率无显著关联。同样，我们发现，在各人口统计学变量类别（年龄、性别、婚姻状况、就业情况、宗教活动参与度、教育程度和移民身份）中，特定国家每日吸烟量均值的随机效应荟萃分析结果与吸烟率结果的一致性高于与吸烟强度结果的一致性，不过各国情况存在差异。总体研究结果表明，研究吸烟强度以及吸烟率具有重要意义，因为二者不同，因此评估烟草相关健康风险和制定明智的烟草控制政策时二者都不可或缺。
