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在中国华北平原潮土区进行深松作业可提高土壤有机碳含量并增强生态系统多功能性。

Soil organic carbon and ecosystem multifunctionality are enhanced by subsoiling in fluvo-aquic soil of North China Plain.

作者信息

Wang Mengru, Wang Renzhuo, Jiang Guiying, Li Yueying, Liu Chaolin, Yang Jin, Jie Xiaolei, Shen Fengmin, Liu Fang, Liu Shiliang

机构信息

Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Conservation in the Huanghuaihai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.

出版信息

Front Plant Sci. 2025 Apr 16;16:1559653. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1559653. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.3389/fpls.2025.1559653
PMID:40308296
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12040894/
Abstract

This study investigated the impact of various tillage modes on soil carbon (C) components, crop yield, enzyme activity, and ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) in the North China Plain (NCP), aiming to determine the most effective tillage practice for C sequestration in the region. Field experiments were conducted from 2016 using a split-plot design that included rotary tillage (RT) and deep tillage (DT) during the wheat season and no-tillage (NT), subsoiling in-row (SIR), and subsoiling inter-row (SBR) during the maize season. Related tillage modes based on the total amount of straw returned. Soil bulk density (BD), soil C components, soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, enzyme activities, soil quality index (SQI), EMF, and wheat yield were measured and analyzed. Compared to rotary tillage-no-tillage (RT-NT), the BD of the 0-40 cm soil layer decreased under the other treatments during 2018-2019. The C component content decreased with soil depth across all treatments. Treatments incorporating subsoiling during the maize season led to higher SOC, labile organic carbon (LOC), non-LOC, and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in the 20-40 cm soil layer. DT-SBR and DT-SIR increased SOC storage. Enzyme activities were highest in the 0-20 cm soil layer under RT-SBR and RT-SIR, while in the 20-40 cm soil layer, enzyme activity peaked under DT-SBR and DT-SIR. The highest SQI value in the 0-20 cm layer was observed under RT-SBR and RT-SIR in both years. Meanwhile, the highest EMF values were under DT-SIR and DT-SBR in the 30-40 cm layer in 2018, ranged from -0.79 to -0.08. Key factors influencing EMF included MBC, LOC, SOC, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), with EMF showing a strong positive correlation with SQI. Subsoiling during the maize season enhanced wheat yield, with the highest values for RT and DT being 6697 and 6587 kg ha, respectively. In conclusion, DT during the wheat season and subsoiling during the maize season promoted the transformation of SOC, enhanced yield, enzyme activity, SQI, and EMF. These benefits contributed to greater C sequestration in deeper soil layers, offering a sustainable approach to soil management in the fluvo-aquic soils of the NPC.

摘要

本研究调查了华北平原不同耕作方式对土壤碳（C）组分、作物产量、酶活性和生态系统多功能性（EMF）的影响，旨在确定该地区最有效的碳固存耕作措施。自2016年起进行田间试验，采用裂区设计，小麦季包括旋耕（RT）和深耕（DT），玉米季包括免耕（NT）、行间深松（SIR）和行间距深松（SBR）。相关耕作方式基于秸秆还田总量。测定并分析了土壤容重（BD）、土壤C组分、土壤有机碳（SOC）储量、酶活性、土壤质量指数（SQI）、EMF和小麦产量。与旋耕-免耕（RT-NT）相比，2018-2019年期间其他处理下0-40 cm土层的BD下降。所有处理下C组分含量均随土壤深度降低。玉米季进行深松的处理导致20-40 cm土层的SOC、活性有机碳（LOC）、非活性有机碳和微生物量碳（MBC）含量更高。DT-SBR和DT-SIR增加了SOC储量。RT-SBR和RT-SIR处理下0-20 cm土层的酶活性最高，而在20-40 cm土层，DT-SBR和DT-SIR处理下酶活性最高。两年中，RT-SBR和RT-SIR处理下0-20 cm土层的SQI值最高。同时，2018年30-40 cm土层中DT-SIR和DT-SBR处理的EMF值最高，范围为-0.79至-0.08。影响EMF的关键因素包括MBC、LOC、SOC和溶解有机碳（DOC），EMF与SQI呈强正相关。玉米季深松提高了小麦产量，RT和DT的最高产量分别为6697和6587 kg/ha。总之，小麦季深耕和玉米季深松促进了SOC的转化，提高了产量、酶活性、SQI和EMF。这些益处有助于在更深土层中实现更大的碳固存，为华北平原潮土的土壤管理提供了一种可持续方法。

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Sustainable land management enhances ecological and economic multifunctionality under ambient and future climate.可持续土地管理在当前和未来气候条件下增强了生态和经济多功能性。
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Sci Total Environ. 2024 Mar 20;917:170276. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170276. Epub 2024 Jan 21.
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Soil organic carbon response to global environmental change depends on its distribution between mineral-associated and particulate organic matter: A meta-analysis.土壤有机碳对全球环境变化的响应取决于其在矿物结合态和颗粒有机物质之间的分布：一项荟萃分析。
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