Huang Hsiu-Mei, Hsiao Yu-Ting, Chen Yi-Hao, Yang I-Hui
Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan.
Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Municipal Fong Shan Hospital-Under The Management of Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Kaohsiung 830025, Taiwan.
Children (Basel). 2025 Mar 31;12(4):447. doi: 10.3390/children12040447.
Visual training based on perceptual learning and dichoptic stimulation has been developed for amblyopic treatment. However, reports on virtual reality-assisted (VR) training for amblyopia are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of VR training and compare the visual outcomes of different treatments in children with bilateral refractive amblyopia.
Children aged 4-8 years with a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) less than 20/25 were included. All of the patients had worn glasses for at least 2 months before enrollment. At enrollment, age, gender, refractive status, baseline BCVA, and amblyopia severity were recorded. The treatment outcomes were evaluated in terms of BCVA at 24 weeks, the change in BCVA from baseline to 24 weeks, and the time taken to achieve treatment success (BCVA ≥ 20/25).
The longitudinal study included 30 patients in the Cambridge Visual Stimulator (CAM) training group, 14 in the VR training group, and 26 in the control group (glasses only). Among patients with an initial BCVA between 20/100 and 20/40, a significantly higher proportion of those in the VR training group achieved treatment success compared to the control group ( = 0.022). Among those who achieved treatment success, the time taken to achieve success was significantly shorter in the CAM and VR training groups compared to the control group ( < 0.001).
Visual training can shorten the time taken to achieve treatment success compared to glasses alone. While VR training seems more effective than CAM training, both are valuable strategies for amblyopic children who respond poorly to glasses alone.
基于感知学习和双眼分视刺激的视觉训练已被用于弱视治疗。然而，关于虚拟现实辅助（VR）训练治疗弱视的报道有限。本研究旨在评估VR训练的效果，并比较不同治疗方法对双侧屈光性弱视儿童的视觉预后。
纳入年龄4至8岁、最佳矫正视力（BCVA）低于20/25的儿童。所有患者在入组前已佩戴眼镜至少2个月。入组时记录年龄、性别、屈光状态、基线BCVA和弱视严重程度。根据24周时的BCVA、从基线到24周BCVA的变化以及达到治疗成功（BCVA≥20/25）所需的时间来评估治疗结果。
纵向研究包括30例接受剑桥视觉刺激器（CAM）训练的患者、14例接受VR训练的患者和26例对照组患者（仅佩戴眼镜）。在初始BCVA在20/100至20/40之间的患者中，与对照组相比，VR训练组中实现治疗成功的患者比例显著更高（P = 0.022）。在实现治疗成功的患者中，与对照组相比，CAM训练组和VR训练组实现成功所需的时间显著更短（P < 0.001）。
与仅佩戴眼镜相比，视觉训练可缩短达到治疗成功所需的时间。虽然VR训练似乎比CAM训练更有效，但对于仅佩戴眼镜反应不佳的弱视儿童，两者都是有价值的策略。
