常春藤叶干提取物EA 575对儿童和青少年普通感冒后续抗生素使用的影响及其治疗价值：一项回顾性处方数据库分析

The Impact of Ivy Leaf Dry Extract EA 575 on Subsequent Antibiotic Use and Its Therapeutic Value in Children and Adolescents with the Common Cold: A Retrospective Prescription Database Analysis.

作者信息

Vogelberg Christian, Seifert Georg, Braun Simon, Zingel Rebecca, Kostev Karel

机构信息

Paediatric Department, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technical University Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany.

Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Otto-Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.

出版信息

Children (Basel). 2025 Apr 17;12(4):518. doi: 10.3390/children12040518.

DOI:10.3390/children12040518

PMID:40310108

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12025645/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Dried ivy leaf extract EA 575 (Prospan) is commonly used to treat coughs and may help reduce inappropriate antibiotic use for the common cold. This retrospective study investigated whether prescribing EA 575 is associated with reduced subsequent antibiotic use in children and adolescents with the common cold. Repeated EA 575 prescriptions were also analyzed to estimate treatment satisfaction.

METHODS

Data were sourced from the IQVIA Disease Analyzer database, including patients under 18 diagnosed with a common cold and prescribed either EA 575 or antibiotics between 2017 and 2020 (index date). Propensity score matching controlled for confounding factors. Antibiotic prescriptions were assessed 4-30 and 31-365 days after the index date, along with bacterial infections 4-40 days post-index. Repeated EA 575 prescriptions 2-5 years post-index were analyzed as a proxy for treatment satisfaction.

RESULTS

Overall, 10,390 children and adolescents were included in each matched cohort. Compared to antibiotics, EA 575 prescriptions were associated with significantly lower odds of antibiotic use 4-30 days (OR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.49-0.64; < 0.001) and 31-365 days (OR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.54-0.62; < 0.001) after the index date. The odds of bacterial infection 4-30 days after EA 575 prescription were also lower (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.45-0.99; = 0.047). Of the 42,677 patients in the EA 575 analysis, 50.5% had at least one repeated prescription, with the highest rates among children aged 0-2 years (54.7%) and the lowest in those aged 13-17 years (19.9%).

CONCLUSIONS

EA 575 prescription was associated with reduced subsequent antibiotic use in children and adolescents with common colds. Frequent repeated prescription rates emphasize the therapeutic value of EA 575 as a treatment option for cold symptoms, especially in younger children.

摘要

背景

常春藤叶干提取物EA 575（普米克令舒）常用于治疗咳嗽，可能有助于减少普通感冒时抗生素的不当使用。这项回顾性研究调查了开具EA 575处方是否与减少普通感冒儿童和青少年后续抗生素使用相关。还分析了EA 575的重复处方以评估治疗满意度。

方法

数据来源于IQVIA疾病分析器数据库，包括2017年至2020年期间（索引日期）诊断为普通感冒并开具EA 575或抗生素处方的18岁以下患者。倾向得分匹配法控制混杂因素。在索引日期后4至30天和31至365天评估抗生素处方情况，以及索引日期后4至40天的细菌感染情况。将索引日期后2至5年的EA 575重复处方作为治疗满意度的替代指标进行分析。

结果

总体而言，每个匹配队列中纳入了10390名儿童和青少年。与抗生素相比，开具EA 575处方与索引日期后4至30天（OR：0.56；95%CI：0.49 - 0.64；<0.001）和31至365天（OR：0.58；95%CI：0.54 - 0.62；<0.001）抗生素使用几率显著降低相关。开具EA 575处方后4至30天细菌感染几率也较低（OR：0.67；95%CI：0.45 - 0.99；P = 0.047）。在EA 575分析的42677名患者中，50.5%至少有一次重复处方，0至2岁儿童的重复处方率最高（54.7%），13至17岁儿童的重复处方率最低（19.9%）。