Ohtsuka T
J Comp Neurol. 1985 Jul 8;237(2):145-54. doi: 10.1002/cne.902370202.
Spectral sensitivities of photoreceptors in the turtle (Geoclemys) retina were studied by intracellular recording, and each cell was filled with Lucifer yellow (LY). Photoreceptors were classified into seven morphological types: rod, four types of single cones, and two members of a double cone. Single cones contained one of four different oil droplets: red, pale-green, orange, and clear. Double cones consisted of two apposed cones; principal members contained yellow oil droplets, while accessory members contained no oil droplet. Spectral sensitivities recorded from these seven types of photoreceptors were classified into one type of rod and three chromatic types of cones. Rods (n = 19) showed peak sensitivity at 520 nm. Single cones containing either a red (n = 51) or a pale-green (n = 9) oil droplet were red-sensitive (lambda max at 620 nm). Single cones containing an orange oil droplet (n = 14) were green-sensitive (lambda max at 540 nm). Single cones containing a clear oil droplet (n = 3) were blue-sensitive (lambda max at 460 nm). Both members of the double cone, principal (n = 22) and accessory (n = 15), were red-sensitive (lambda max at 620 nm). No diffusion of LY was detected between the apposed members of double cones. Red-sensitive cones, therefore, consisted of four different morphological types of cones, and they occupy about 70% of the photoreceptor mosaic in the turtle retina.
通过细胞内记录研究了乌龟（地龟）视网膜中光感受器的光谱敏感性，并且每个细胞都用荧光黄（LY）进行了填充。光感受器被分为七种形态类型：视杆细胞、四种单锥体细胞和双锥体细胞中的两种。单锥体细胞包含四种不同油滴中的一种：红色、浅绿色、橙色和透明。双锥体细胞由两个并列的锥体组成；主细胞包含黄色油滴，而副细胞不包含油滴。从这七种类型的光感受器记录到的光谱敏感性被分为一种视杆细胞类型和三种色觉类型的锥体。视杆细胞（n = 19）在520 nm处显示出峰值敏感性。包含红色（n = 51）或浅绿色（n = 9）油滴的单锥体细胞对红色敏感（最大波长在620 nm）。包含橙色油滴的单锥体细胞（n = 14）对绿色敏感（最大波长在540 nm）。包含透明油滴的单锥体细胞（n = 3）对蓝色敏感（最大波长在460 nm）。双锥体细胞的主细胞（n = 22）和副细胞（n = 15）均对红色敏感（最大波长在620 nm）。在双锥体细胞并列的细胞之间未检测到LY的扩散。因此，对红色敏感的锥体由四种不同形态类型的锥体组成，并且它们占据了乌龟视网膜中光感受器镶嵌的约70%。
