Yao Jia, Wang Xueren, Hong Mei, Gao Hui, Zhao Shixiang
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resource, College of Resources and Environment, Hohhot, China.
PeerJ. 2025 Apr 28;13:e19400. doi: 10.7717/peerj.19400. eCollection 2025.
Biochar, an alkaline material derived from agricultural and forestry waste, can ameliorate soil quality by adjusting soil pH. However, various types of biochar have distinct effects on soil pH due to diversity in feedstock type, pyrolysis temperature, and application rate.
Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted with 598 paired comparisons obtained from 104 published studies (January 2010-July 2022) to comprehensively depict the response of soil pH to biochar in farmland systems across China.
The results showed that adding biochar significantly increased the acid soils' pH. Still, its effects on neutral and alkaline soils varied depending on the biochar's pH and the soil's initial pH. The pH of acid and neutral soils was raised by 5-10% straw biochar (600-800 °C and 400-600 °C, respectively). In alkaline soils, 5-10% other biochar (200-400 °C) raised pH, while 1-5% straw biochar (200-400 °C) reduced it. The findings underscore the importance of biochar pH and initial soil pH in the divergent consequences of biochar application in farmland systems, and both factors should be considered to choose the optimal biochar type for acid, neutral, and alkaline soils.
生物炭是一种源自农业和林业废弃物的碱性物质，可通过调节土壤pH值来改善土壤质量。然而，由于原料类型、热解温度和施用量的多样性，不同类型的生物炭对土壤pH值有不同的影响。
因此，我们进行了一项荟萃分析，从104项已发表的研究（2010年1月至2022年7月）中获得了598对比较数据，以全面描述中国农田系统中土壤pH值对生物炭的响应。
结果表明，添加生物炭显著提高了酸性土壤的pH值。不过，其对中性和碱性土壤的影响因生物炭的pH值和土壤初始pH值而异。酸性和中性土壤的pH值分别通过5-10%的秸秆生物炭（分别为600-800°C和400-600°C）提高。在碱性土壤中，5-10%的其他生物炭（200-400°C）提高了pH值，而1-5%的秸秆生物炭（200-400°C）则降低了pH值。这些发现强调了生物炭pH值和初始土壤pH值在农田系统中生物炭施用不同后果中的重要性，在为酸性、中性和碱性土壤选择最佳生物炭类型时应同时考虑这两个因素。
