Ma Li, Li Dongmei, Wen Yiyang, Shi Dongmei
The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China.
Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.
Front Immunol. 2025 Apr 17;16:1575968. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1575968. eCollection 2025.
Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is a soluble pattern recognition molecule (PRM) characterized by a C-terminal pentraxin structural domain and a unique N-terminal structural domain. As a key component of the innate immune system, PTX3 can be rapidly released into the extracellular space during microbial invasion and inflammatory responses. It plays a crucial role in regulating complement activation, enhancing the ability of myeloid cells to recognize pathogens, and exerting various immune effects. PTX3 is integral to the regulation of innate immunity, inflammation, and tumor dynamics through its dual function as both a pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediator depending on the context. This role is closely linked to its diverse molecular and cellular targets. Additionally, PTX3 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases through its involvement in numerous physiological and pathological processes. In this paper, we summarize the complex immunological functions of PTX3 and review the multifaceted roles it plays in the development of infectious lung diseases. Our objective is to highlight the potential for clinical targeting of PTX3 as a biomarker in infectious diseases and to propose it as a viable alternative in future therapeutic strategies.
五聚体蛋白3（PTX3）是一种可溶性模式识别分子（PRM），其特征在于具有C末端五聚体蛋白结构域和独特的N末端结构域。作为固有免疫系统的关键组成部分，PTX3在微生物入侵和炎症反应期间可迅速释放到细胞外空间。它在调节补体激活、增强髓样细胞识别病原体的能力以及发挥各种免疫效应方面起着至关重要的作用。PTX3通过其作为促炎和抗炎介质的双重功能（取决于具体情况），在固有免疫、炎症和肿瘤动态调节中不可或缺。这一作用与其多样的分子和细胞靶点密切相关。此外，PTX3通过参与众多生理和病理过程，与各种肺部疾病的发病机制有关。在本文中，我们总结了PTX3复杂的免疫功能，并综述了它在感染性肺部疾病发展中所起的多方面作用。我们的目的是强调将PTX3作为传染病生物标志物进行临床靶向治疗的潜力，并将其作为未来治疗策略中的可行选择。
