Gagné Petteni Monique, Magee Carly, Puyat Joseph H, Guhn Martin, Georgiades Katholiki, Janus Magdalena, Gadermann Anne
Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, Providence Health Care Research Institute, British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2025 May 3. doi: 10.1007/s10578-025-01842-2.
Despite growing attention to child and youth mental health, knowledge gaps exist related to how mental disorders vary for children and youth from diverse backgrounds. The purpose of the present study was to investigate how conduct, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and mood/anxiety diagnoses varied by immigrant, refugee, and non-immigrant background in British Columbia, Canada. The study utilized population-based, linked administrative data for nearly half a million children and youth (N = 470,464) between 1996 and 2016 (ages 3 to 19) to examine variations in mental disorder diagnosis (defined via administrative health data records) by immigrant generation and admission category (economic, family, refugee) and the predictive/moderating effects of key socio-demographic factors (e.g., sex, socioeconomic status). Findings indicated that first- and second-generation children and youth were less likely to receive a mental disorder diagnosis compared to non-immigrant children and youth. Those in the refugee admission category had higher odds of conduct and mood/anxiety disorder diagnosis and those in the family admission category had higher odds of conduct, ADHD, and mood/anxiety disorder diagnosis (versus the economic admission category). Significant interactions revealed that sex at birth and socioeconomic status differently predicted mental disorder diagnoses for children and youth from immigrant and refugee backgrounds (versus non-immigrant). The findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of mental disorder diagnoses for children and youth from diverse backgrounds and that well-established predictors of mental disorders for the general population (i.e., sex, SES) differ for children and youth from immigrant and refugee backgrounds.
尽管对儿童和青少年心理健康的关注日益增加，但在不同背景的儿童和青少年中，精神障碍如何变化方面仍存在知识空白。本研究的目的是调查在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省，品行障碍、注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）以及情绪/焦虑症的诊断在移民、难民和非移民背景的儿童和青少年中是如何不同的。该研究利用了1996年至2016年期间近50万儿童和青少年（N = 470464）基于人群的关联行政数据（年龄3至19岁），以研究精神障碍诊断（通过行政健康数据记录定义）在移民代际和入境类别（经济类、家庭类、难民类）之间的差异，以及关键社会人口学因素（如性别、社会经济地位）的预测/调节作用。研究结果表明，与非移民儿童和青少年相比，第一代和第二代儿童和青少年被诊断患有精神障碍的可能性较小。难民入境类别的儿童和青少年被诊断为品行障碍和情绪/焦虑症的几率较高，而家庭入境类别的儿童和青少年被诊断为品行障碍、ADHD和情绪/焦虑症的几率较高（与经济入境类别相比）。显著的交互作用表明，出生时的性别和社会经济地位对移民和难民背景（与非移民背景相比）的儿童和青少年精神障碍诊断的预测方式不同。这些发现有助于更细致地理解不同背景儿童和青少年的精神障碍诊断情况，并且一般人群中已确定的精神障碍预测因素（即性别、社会经济地位）在移民和难民背景的儿童和青少年中有所不同。
