Dezfuli Zahra Gohari, Rashedi Minoo Hasan, Naeini Fatemeh, Shab-Bidar Sakineh, Pourgharib-Shahi Mohammadhossein, Zhang Xueying, Dehghani Elaheh, Djafarian Kurosh
Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Public Health. 2025 Apr;54(4):723-738. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v54i4.18411.
Numerous studies have aimed to compare the effects of glucose (Glu) consumption with those of glucose-fructose (Glu-Fru) consumption on oxidation rates during exercise. However, divergent outcomes have surfaced due to variations in exercise protocols and concurrent substance ingestion, leading to a lack of consensus. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the comparative effects of Glu and Glu-Fru on total carbohydrate oxidation, endogenous carbohydrate oxidation, exogenous carbohydrate oxidation, and total fat oxidation rates during exercise.
A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to February 2023. The search yielded 14 randomized controlled trials involving 125 endurance athletes.
The meta-analyses revealed that Glu supplementation significantly increased total carbohydrate oxidation (WMD: 0.21 g/min) compared to Glu-Fru. Endogenous carbohydrate oxidation significantly increased with Glu (WMD: -0.12), while Glu-Fru led to increased exogenous carbohydrate oxidation (WMD: 0.27 g/min). Total fat oxidation decreased with Glu-Fru (WMD: -0.06 g/min).
By investigating athletic nutrition complexities, our findings shed light on metabolic responses to Glu-Fru versus Glu supplementation. Tailoring hydration strategies, athletes should select an optimal Glu-Fru to Glu ratio for maximal oxidation and enhanced performance. Future research could explore dose-response relationships for optimal metabolic benefits during exercise.
众多研究旨在比较运动期间葡萄糖（Glu）消耗与葡萄糖-果糖（Glu-Fru）消耗对氧化率的影响。然而，由于运动方案和同时摄入物质的差异，出现了不同的结果，导致缺乏共识。本系统评价和荟萃分析研究了Glu和Glu-Fru对运动期间总碳水化合物氧化、内源性碳水化合物氧化、外源性碳水化合物氧化和总脂肪氧化率的比较影响。
对截至2023年2月的PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science数据库进行系统检索。检索产生了14项涉及125名耐力运动员的随机对照试验。
荟萃分析显示，与Glu-Fru相比，补充Glu显著增加了总碳水化合物氧化（加权平均差：0.21克/分钟）。Glu使内源性碳水化合物氧化显著增加（加权平均差：-0.12），而Glu-Fru导致外源性碳水化合物氧化增加（加权平均差：0.27克/分钟）。Glu-Fru使总脂肪氧化减少（加权平均差：-0.06克/分钟）。
通过研究运动营养的复杂性，我们的研究结果揭示了对Glu-Fru与补充Glu的代谢反应。在制定水合策略时，运动员应选择最佳的Glu-Fru与Glu比例，以实现最大氧化和提高运动表现。未来的研究可以探索运动期间最佳代谢益处的剂量反应关系。
