Longi Ahmer A, Edakkavil Zubair, Fazlani Misbah, Rajesh Nambiar, Quraishi Mohammed O
Department of Internal Medicine, Mediclinic Welcare Hospital, Dubai, ARE.
Department of Surgery, Mediclinic Welcare Hospital, Dubai, ARE.
Cureus. 2025 May 3;17(5):e83438. doi: 10.7759/cureus.83438. eCollection 2025 May.
Splenic ruptures are rarely seen in infectious mononucleosis (IM), caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It is a self-limiting viral infection characterized by fever, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy. While most cases are mild and resolve without complications, rare and severe complications can arise, including splenic rupture, which is a potentially life-threatening event. Previous case reports have linked splenic rupture to IM with increased splenic size. We present an atypical case report of splenic rupture in a young adult diagnosed with IM, whose spleen was found to be of normal size. This study emphasizes the need for physicians to be more vigilant and closely observe for splenic ruptures in IM patients, despite having normal splenic sizes. This would contribute to reducing both the mortality and morbidity associated with atraumatic splenic ruptures.
脾破裂在由爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）引起的传染性单核细胞增多症（IM）中很少见。它是一种自限性病毒感染，其特征为发热、咽炎和淋巴结病。虽然大多数病例症状轻微，无需并发症即可痊愈，但也可能出现罕见且严重的并发症，包括脾破裂，这是一种潜在的危及生命的事件。既往病例报告已将脾破裂与脾脏增大的IM病例联系起来。我们报告了一例年轻成人IM患者发生脾破裂的非典型病例，该患者的脾脏大小正常。本研究强调，尽管IM患者的脾脏大小正常，但医生仍需提高警惕，密切观察有无脾破裂情况。这将有助于降低与非创伤性脾破裂相关的死亡率和发病率。
