Huang Mengting, Hua Ze, Guzman Roger, Ren Zhihui, Gu Pingfan, Yang Shiqi, Chen Hui, Zhang Decheng, Ding Yiming, Ye Yu, Li Caizhen, Huang Yuan, Shao Ruiwen, Zhou Wu, Xu Xiaolong, Wang Yeliang
School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
Nat Commun. 2025 May 5;16(1):4162. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59429-3.
Due to complex thermodynamic and kinetic mechanism, phase engineering in nanomaterials is often limited by restricted phases and small-scale synthesis, hindering material diversity and scalability. Here, we demonstrate the exploration to unlock the stoichiometry as a degree of freedom for phase engineering in the Pd-Te binary compound. By reducing diffusion rates, we effectively engineer the stoichiometry of the reactants. We visualize the kinetic process, showing the stoichiometry transition from PdTe to PdTe through a sequential multi-step nucleation process. In total, five distinct phases are identified, demonstrating the potential to enhance phase diversity by fine-tuning stoichiometry. By controlling spatially uniform nucleation and halting the phase transition at precise points, we achieve stoichiometry-controllable wafer-scale growth. Notably, four of these phases exhibit superconducting properties. Our findings offer insights into the mechanism of phase transition through stoichiometry engineering, enabling the expansion of the phase library in nanomaterials and advancing scalable applications.
由于复杂的热力学和动力学机制，纳米材料中的相工程常常受到受限相和小规模合成的限制，这阻碍了材料的多样性和可扩展性。在此，我们展示了将化学计量比作为钯-碲二元化合物相工程自由度的探索。通过降低扩散速率，我们有效地调控了反应物的化学计量比。我们可视化了动力学过程，展示了通过连续多步成核过程，化学计量比从PdTe转变为PdTe的过程。总共识别出五个不同的相，证明了通过微调化学计量比增强相多样性的潜力。通过控制空间均匀成核并在精确点停止相变，我们实现了化学计量比可控的晶圆级生长。值得注意的是，这些相中四个具有超导特性。我们的研究结果为通过化学计量比工程实现相变的机制提供了见解，能够扩展纳米材料的相库并推动可扩展应用的发展。
