Zhu Mingming, Yang Lvzhu, Li LuYao, Bai Yuyuan, Zhao Bin
Wuhan Wecare Probiotic Research Institute, Wuhan, China.
National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025 May 6. doi: 10.1007/s12602-025-10567-6.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder and constitutes a significant threat to global public health. Increasing evidence has shown the therapeutic potential of probiotics in the management of T2DM. This study established a T2DM mouse model through high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin injection (HFD/STZ) and investigated the preventive effects of two probiotic strains: Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLa80 and Lactobacillus acidophilus LA85. The results indicated that both probiotic strains significantly improved glucose homeostasis by reducing fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and increasing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels. Moreover, probiotics decreased blood lipid and pro-inflammatory mediator levels, enhanced the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and mitigated pathological alterations in ileal, hepatic, pancreatic, and renal tissues. Subsequent 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis revealed that BLa80 and LA85 interventions effectively modulated gut microbiota composition, particularly by increasing the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacterial taxa. Notably, the mechanisms of action were strain-specific: BLa80 primarily impacted glycemic control and promoted the proliferation of Bifidobacterium and Limosilactobacillus, whereas LA85 exhibited superior efficacy in regulating lipid metabolism and promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and Alistipes populations. These findings indicate that BLa80 and LA85 can ameliorate symptoms related to T2DM despite their distinct regulatory pathways, suggesting their potential as therapeutic agents in diabetes management.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）是一种常见的代谢紊乱疾病，对全球公共卫生构成重大威胁。越来越多的证据表明益生菌在T2DM管理中具有治疗潜力。本研究通过高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素注射（HFD/STZ）建立了T2DM小鼠模型，并研究了两种益生菌菌株的预防作用：动物双歧杆菌乳亚种BLa80和嗜酸乳杆菌LA85。结果表明，两种益生菌菌株均通过降低空腹血糖（FBG）水平、增强胰岛素敏感性和提高胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）水平，显著改善了血糖稳态。此外，益生菌降低了血脂和促炎介质水平，增强了抗炎细胞因子的产生，并减轻了回肠、肝脏、胰腺和肾脏组织的病理改变。随后的16S rRNA扩增子测序分析表明，BLa80和LA85干预有效地调节了肠道微生物群组成，特别是通过增加产生短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的细菌类群的相对丰度。值得注意的是，作用机制具有菌株特异性：BLa80主要影响血糖控制并促进双歧杆菌和迟缓乳杆菌的增殖，而LA85在调节脂质代谢方面表现出更高的功效，并促进了乳酸杆菌和艾利斯杆菌种群的生长。这些发现表明，尽管BLa80和LA85的调节途径不同，但它们都可以改善与T2DM相关的症状，这表明它们在糖尿病管理中具有作为治疗剂的潜力。
