Studer Selina, Kleinstäuber Maria, Weise Cornelia
Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Department of Psychology, Emma Eccles Jones College of Education and Human Services, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2025 May 6;20(5):e0322055. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0322055. eCollection 2025.
Finding words to describe emotional experiences can be challenging. Photovoice (PV) represents a possible way of facilitating the report of emotions. In the PV approach, people take pictures that they feel are related to a certain topic. Afterwards, they are invited to talk about this topic based on the pictures. There is a lack of experimental studies investigating the effectiveness of PV to aid in emotional processing in comparison to other methods.
Sixty-five participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups (mean age: 28.23 years [SD = 9.23], 76% female). The photovoice-group received the task to take pictures that reflect future worries about something in the future. Participants in the active control group, the writing group, were instructed to write down their future worries. The control group did not receive an assignment. In a subsequent semi-structured interview, all participants were invited to talk about their future worries. The interviews were audio-recorded and later transcribed. The number of emotion words was counted during the transcriptions. After the interview, participants completed an online self-report questionnaire addressing a range of variables such as the participants' emotional state and their perceived difficulty identifying emotions.
Contrary to our hypotheses, one-way ANOVAs revealed no differences in any of the self-report measures between the three study groups (all p values > 0.14). Planned contrasts regarding the transcribed interviews revealed, however, that the PV-group reported more negative emotion words compared to the two other groups t(62) = 2.79, p = .007, and also compared to the WG only, t(62) = 2.48, p = .016.
The discrepancy between self-report regarding emotionality in the questionnaires and emotion words observed during the interviews is notable. PV increased the observational emotion report even in a sample with high emotional awareness. Future research should examine if PV can facilitate emotion reporting in a clinical sample.
找到描述情感体验的词汇可能具有挑战性。照片发声法（Photovoice，PV）是一种促进情感表达的可能方式。在照片发声法中，人们拍摄他们认为与某个特定主题相关的照片。之后，他们被邀请根据这些照片谈论该主题。与其他方法相比，缺乏实验研究来探究照片发声法在辅助情感处理方面的有效性。
65名参与者被随机分配到三个组之一（平均年龄：28.23岁[标准差=9.23]，76%为女性）。照片发声组接受拍摄反映对未来某事的担忧的照片的任务。积极对照组即写作组的参与者被指示写下他们对未来的担忧。对照组未接受任务。在随后的半结构化访谈中，所有参与者被邀请谈论他们对未来的担忧。访谈进行了录音并随后转录。在转录过程中统计情感词汇的数量。访谈后，参与者完成一份在线自我报告问卷，涉及一系列变量，如参与者的情绪状态以及他们在识别情绪方面感知到的困难。
与我们的假设相反，单因素方差分析显示三个研究组在任何自我报告测量中均无差异（所有p值>0.14）。然而，关于转录访谈的计划对比显示，与其他两组相比，照片发声组报告的负面情感词汇更多，t(62)=2.79，p=0.007，与写作组相比也更多，t(62)=2.48，p=0.016。
问卷中关于情感的自我报告与访谈中观察到的情感词汇之间的差异值得注意。即使在具有高情感意识的样本中，照片发声法也增加了观察性情感报告。未来的研究应考察照片发声法是否能促进临床样本中的情感报告。
