Abbasi Mohammad Mehdi, Babaahmadi Paria, Nozari Fateme, Khosravi Farbod, Golkar Zahra, Tavasoli Zahra, Alizadeh Venus, Nouriani Marieh, Jafari Mohammadsadegh, Shabani Niloufar, Nezhad Hadis Hashemi, Soltaninejad Hossein, Rahmanian Mohammad
Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
BMC Gastroenterol. 2025 May 6;25(1):335. doi: 10.1186/s12876-025-03859-2.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a high incidence cancer and health problem influenced by many factors emphasizes on the importance of identifying risk factors which can be modified. A dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) style promotes a balanced nutrition approach that might have effects on CRC. The aim of this study was to analyze existing evidence on the DASH diet's association with CRC.
Databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed, were searched to identify eligible studies up to March 2025. Observational studies investigating the association between adherence to the DASH diet and CRC were included. Effect sizes (ESs) and their confidence intervals (CIs) from fully adjusted models were extracted for the meta-analysis. A random-effects model was employed to calculate the combined ES and assess the relationship between the DASH diet and CRC. The publication bias was assessed using Egger's test and heterogeneity between studies was examined using the I statistic.
Fourteen studies were included in this study. Adherence to DASH diet reduced CRC risk (RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.73-0.89). Subgroup analyses found consistent effects across cohorts and various factors, with no publication bias. For rectal cancer (RC), adherence to DASH dietary pattern reduced risk of RC (RR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.66-0.86), particularly in males and cohort studies. Colon cancer risk was also reduced (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.79-0.88), with stronger effects in males and cohort studies. For colorectal adenoma, DASH showed a significant risk reduction (RR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22-0.80).
Our results highlight that following the DASH diet has a significant effect on lowering the risk of CRC which aligns with previous research. These findings support recommendation of following the DASH diet pattern reduces the burden of CRC. PROSPERO, registration ID: CRD42024569140.
结直肠癌（CRC）是一种高发癌症，受多种因素影响，这凸显了识别可改变风险因素的重要性。阻止高血压饮食方法（DASH）模式提倡一种均衡营养方法，可能对结直肠癌有影响。本研究的目的是分析关于DASH饮食与结直肠癌关联的现有证据。
检索包括Scopus、科学网和PubMed在内的数据库，以识别截至2025年3月的合格研究。纳入调查坚持DASH饮食与结直肠癌之间关联的观察性研究。从完全调整模型中提取效应量（ESs）及其置信区间（CIs）用于荟萃分析。采用随机效应模型计算合并效应量，并评估DASH饮食与结直肠癌之间的关系。使用Egger检验评估发表偏倚，并使用I统计量检查研究间的异质性。
本研究纳入了14项研究。坚持DASH饮食可降低结直肠癌风险（RR = 0.81，95% CI：0.73 - 0.89）。亚组分析发现，在不同队列和各种因素中效应一致，且无发表偏倚。对于直肠癌（RC），坚持DASH饮食模式可降低RC风险（RR = 0.75，95% CI：0.66 - 0.86），在男性和队列研究中尤为明显。结肠癌风险也有所降低（RR = 0.83，95% CI：0.79 - 0.88），在男性和队列研究中效果更强。对于结直肠腺瘤，DASH显示出显著的风险降低（RR = 0.42，95% CI：0.22 - 0.80）。
我们的结果表明，遵循DASH饮食对降低结直肠癌风险有显著影响，这与先前的研究一致。这些发现支持推荐遵循DASH饮食模式以减轻结直肠癌负担。国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO），注册号：CRD42024569140。
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