Butrous Ghazwan
Cardiopulmonary Sciences, School of Pharmcy, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NZ, UK.
Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute, 5 Tanner Street, London, SE1 3LE, UK.
Int J Cardiol Congenit Heart Dis. 2025 Apr 15;20:100586. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcchd.2025.100586. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Pulmonary hypertension is a serious condition characterised by elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, caused by various aetiologies and via different pathological processes. Over the past seventy years, our understanding and management of this disorder have greatly improved, resulting in increased diagnosis and effective clinical management. Current epidemiological estimates are challenged by the increased awareness of this condition and the changing definitions and classification systems. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) has also shown temporal changes in the epidemiology of pulmonary hypertension over the last thirty years, contributing to regional variations in prevalence and incidence. This review explores the complexities of global and regional variations in different types of pulmonary hypertension reported through many registries, databases and regional studies. Although these tools can help estimate prevalence and incidences, they may also underestimate the actual number of cases due to the continuously changing understanding of the condition and increase awareness globally. Therefore, continued research, international collaboration, and standardised data collection are essential for achieving a more accurate global view of pulmonary hypertension and developing effective management strategies for this serious condition that significantly impacts general health.
肺动脉高压是一种严重的病症，其特征为肺动脉血压升高，由多种病因并通过不同的病理过程引起。在过去七十年里，我们对这种疾病的认识和管理有了很大改善，从而使诊断增加且临床管理有效。目前的流行病学估计受到对该病症认识的提高以及定义和分类系统不断变化的挑战。全球疾病、伤害及危险因素负担研究（GBD）也显示了过去三十年来肺动脉高压流行病学的时间变化，这导致了患病率和发病率的区域差异。本综述探讨了通过许多登记处、数据库和区域研究报告的不同类型肺动脉高压的全球和区域差异的复杂性。尽管这些工具有助于估计患病率和发病率，但由于对该病症的理解不断变化以及全球意识的提高，它们可能也会低估实际病例数。因此，持续的研究、国际合作和标准化的数据收集对于更准确地了解全球肺动脉高压情况以及制定针对这种严重影响总体健康的病症的有效管理策略至关重要。
