Roxburgh Brendon H, Campbell Holly A, Cotter James D, Williams Michael J A, Thomas Kate N
School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Temperature (Austin). 2025 Feb 27;12(2):166-178. doi: 10.1080/23328940.2025.2465025. eCollection 2025.
The objective of this study was to characterize the 24-h blood pressure response following an acute hot-water immersion exposure, specifically examining the effect of immersion duration and water temperature, in people with hypertension. Sixteen participants (11 females; 62 ± 7 y; 31.7 ± 7.5 kg.m) with hypertension (taking at least one anti-hypertensive medication) completed four randomized sessions: 1) 20-min and 2) 40-min hot-water immersion (40°C), 3) 40-min thermoneutral immersion (36.5°C), and 4) control (seated, no immersion). Blood pressure, heart rate, perceptual and affective responses were recorded throughout exposure. Immediately after exposure, participants were fitted with an ambulatory blood pressure monitor for the following 24 h. Twenty-four-hour SBP was 7 mm Hg lower (95% CI: -11, -2; = 0.001) after the 40-min hot-water immersion and 6 mm Hg lower after both the 20-min hot-water immersion (-10, -1; = 0.006) and 40-min thermoneutral immersion (-9, -3; = 0.002) compared to control; these effects were similar across nighttime (i.e. 10 pm-6 am) and daytime periods. Twenty-four-hour DBP was not statistically different across any exposure ( = 0.093). The percentage of 24 h in target range for SBP (110-130 mm Hg) more than doubled (39% vs. 18%) following the 40-min hot-water immersion, compared to control. Clinically meaningful decreases in systolic blood pressure were evident with hot-water immersion in people with hypertension; these effects were present irrespective of immersion duration (i.e. 20 min vs. 40 min) or water temperature (36.5°C vs 40°C).
本研究的目的是描述急性热水浸泡暴露后24小时的血压反应，特别研究浸泡持续时间和水温对高血压患者的影响。16名患有高血压（至少服用一种抗高血压药物）的参与者（11名女性；62±7岁；31.7±7.5kg·m）完成了四个随机试验：1）20分钟和2）40分钟的热水浸泡（40°C），3）40分钟的热中性浸泡（36.5°C），以及4）对照（坐着，无浸泡）。在整个暴露过程中记录血压、心率、感知和情感反应。暴露后立即为参与者佩戴动态血压监测仪，持续24小时。与对照相比，40分钟热水浸泡后24小时收缩压降低7mmHg（95%CI：-11，-2；P=0.001），20分钟热水浸泡（-10，-1；P=0.006）和40分钟热中性浸泡（-9，-3；P=0.002）后均降低6mmHg；这些效应在夜间（即晚上10点至早上6点）和白天相似。24小时舒张压在任何暴露组之间均无统计学差异（P=0.093）。与对照相比，40分钟热水浸泡后收缩压处于目标范围（110-130mmHg）的24小时百分比增加了一倍多（39%对18%）。热水浸泡对高血压患者的收缩压有明显的临床意义降低；这些效应与浸泡持续时间（即20分钟对40分钟）或水温（36.5°C对40°C）无关。
