Rossi Tommaso, Querzoli Giorgio, Angelini Giov Battista, Santoro Veronica, Pellizzaro Camilla, Steel David H, Parravano Mariacristina, Romano Mario R
IRCCS, Fondazione Bietti ONLUS, Rome, Italy.
DICAAR Faculty of Engineering, University of Cagliari, Caligari, Italy.
Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2025 May 1;14(5):10. doi: 10.1167/tvst.14.5.10.
To compare the efficiency of infusion sets including distal tubing, infusion, and trocar cannulas (23G, 25G, 27G) of leading brands (Alcon, Bausch & Lomb, BVI, DORC, Optikon) in minimizing the intraocular pressure drop on aspiration. The study reports the pressure drop along infusion as a function of the flow rate and correlates performance to design.
We measured the pressure drop of the distal silicone tubing, infusion cannula and trocar cannula, connected to a model eye and the corresponding flow rate. The piezometric height of the balanced salt solution (BSS) reservoir open to atmospheric pressure ranged from 10 to 120 cm above outlet. All infusion set components were measured in length and inner lumen diameter.
Pressure drop as a function of flow rate varied significantly: BVI and DORC proved more efficient at all gauges. Pressure drop at 10 mL/min flowrate varied between 9-16 mm Hg for 23G, 11-25 mm Hg for 25G, and 16-50 mm Hg for 27G. The tubing friction and kinetic energy loss, respectively responsible for the linear and quadratic component of the head-loss to flow rate parabolic function, also differed significantly.
Pressure drop secondary to flow rate varied by a factor of two among manufacturers. Excessive pressure drop during aspiration may lead to dangerous hypotony or force the surgeon to set anomalously high pressures at rest to avoid it. The present study gives useful insights to help improve infusion system performance.
A thorough understanding of head loss mechanisms along infusion sets allows the design of more efficient and safer infusion sets.
比较主要品牌（爱尔康、博士伦、BVI、多瑞克、欧普康）的输液套件（包括远端管路、输液器和套管针，规格为23G、25G、27G）在将抽吸时的眼压降低最小化方面的效率。该研究报告了输液过程中的压力降与流速的函数关系，并将性能与设计相关联。
我们测量了连接到模型眼的远端硅胶管、输液套管和套管针的压力降以及相应的流速。向大气开放的平衡盐溶液（BSS）储液器的测压高度在出口上方10至120厘米范围内。测量了所有输液套件组件的长度和内腔直径。
压力降与流速的函数关系变化显著：BVI和多瑞克在所有规格下都更高效。在流速为10 mL/min时，23G的压力降在9 - 16 mmHg之间，25G的压力降在11 - 25 mmHg之间，27G的压力降在16 - 50 mmHg之间。分别导致水头损失与流速抛物线函数的线性和二次分量的管路摩擦和动能损失也有显著差异。
不同制造商之间，流速引起的压力降相差两倍。抽吸过程中过大的压力降可能导致危险的低眼压，或迫使外科医生在静止时设置异常高的压力以避免这种情况。本研究为改善输液系统性能提供了有益的见解。
深入了解输液套件中的水头损失机制有助于设计更高效、更安全的输液套件。
