中枢神经系统健康与疾病中的液体和废物清除
Fluid and Waste Clearance in Central Nervous System Health and Diseases.
作者信息
El Kamouh Marie-Renee, Lenck Stéphanie, Lehericy Stéphane, Benveniste Helene, Thomas Jean-Léon
机构信息
Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
Department of Neuroradiology, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
出版信息
Neurodegener Dis. 2025 May 7:1-22. doi: 10.1159/000546018.
BACKGROUND
In respect to the circulatory system, the central nervous system (CNS) differs from other organs in the body by three main features. First, the CNS is surrounded by a compartment filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Second, the CNS is devoid of lymphatic vessels, which are found in the dura mater of the meninges. Third, the CNS blood vasculature serves as a scaffold to perivascular spaces allowing CSF to circulate into the CNS parenchyma via the glymphatic system.
SUMMARY
This review highlights the contribution of the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatic vasculature to CNS homeostasis and also recapitulates the alterations of glymphatic-meningeal lymphatic systems that have been associated to neurological disorders, especially neurodegenerative diseases.
KEY MESSAGE
We discuss the controversies and limitations in current research, emphasizing the need for cautious interpretation while highlighting the potential of glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic pathways as therapeutic targets in neurological disorders.
背景
在循环系统方面，中枢神经系统（CNS）与身体其他器官存在三个主要区别。首先，中枢神经系统被充满脑脊液（CSF）的腔隙所包围。其次，中枢神经系统没有淋巴管，淋巴管存在于脑膜的硬脑膜中。第三，中枢神经系统的血管系统作为血管周围间隙的支架，使脑脊液能够通过类淋巴系统循环进入中枢神经系统实质。
总结
本综述强调了类淋巴系统和脑膜淋巴管对中枢神经系统稳态的贡献，并概述了与神经系统疾病，尤其是神经退行性疾病相关的类淋巴-脑膜淋巴系统的改变。
关键信息
我们讨论了当前研究中的争议和局限性，强调在谨慎解读的同时，突出类淋巴和脑膜淋巴途径作为神经系统疾病治疗靶点的潜力。
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