Yamamoto Kaori, Takeuchi Shouhei, Nakaya Tomoki, Fujiwara Naoya, Seto Junji, Komukai Jun, Tsuda Yuko, Yoshida Hideki, Wada Takayuki
Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Address: 1-3-3, Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka City, 537-0025, Osaka, Japan.
Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Nagayo, Nishisonogi, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 7;15(1):15968. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-99711-4.
Regional disparities in the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) pose several challenges to effective TB control. This study aimed to investigate such disparities in Osaka City, Japan, by analyzing the relationship between TB incidence and residents' socioeconomic indicators. Using 42 indicators from the 2010 population census, the city was clustered into 15 social areas through a factor analysis, and TB incidence during 2012-2016 was compared across the areas in 4,852 cases. Two geographically adjacent areas (Area D and O) exhibited significantly higher TB rates, each with distinct social characteristics. Area D consisted of a high proportion of young, single individuals working in the service sector as well as foreigners. Area O included a high proportion of day laborers, secondary industry workers, and individuals with lower educational levels. TB occurred more frequently in foreign-born patients aged < 60 years, and it was detected during treatment for other diseases in Area D compared with other areas. However, a high proportion of retreated patients aged 40-79 years, with a shorter delay in TB detection, was observed in Area O. The variations in this study provide insights into the relationship between socioeconomic indicators and regional disparities in TB incidence in local settings.
结核病（TB）发病率的地区差异给有效的结核病控制带来了诸多挑战。本研究旨在通过分析结核病发病率与居民社会经济指标之间的关系，调查日本大阪市的此类差异。利用2010年人口普查的42项指标，通过因子分析将该市划分为15个社会区域，并对4852例病例在2012 - 2016年期间各区域的结核病发病率进行了比较。两个地理位置相邻的区域（D区和O区）结核病发病率显著较高，每个区域都有独特的社会特征。D区年轻单身的服务业从业者以及外国人比例较高。O区日工、第二产业工人以及教育水平较低的人群比例较高。外国出生且年龄＜60岁的患者结核病发病更频繁，与其他区域相比，D区的结核病在其他疾病治疗期间被检出。然而，O区40 - 79岁复治患者比例较高，结核病检测延迟时间较短。本研究中的差异为当地社会经济指标与结核病发病率地区差异之间的关系提供了见解。
