Al Shoufy Mira, Kafa Gabi, Ibrahim Bana, Ibrahem Hazem, Dakour Aya, Haidar Ali, Alshehabi Zuheir
Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2025 Apr 2;87(5):2838-2846. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000003229. eCollection 2025 May.
Neonatal brain tumors (NBTs) are rare, with specific characteristics distinguishing them from tumors in older children. NBTs occur in the first 28 days of life with a low incidence rate. They present unique histological features, with teratomas and gliomas being the most relevant types of NBTs. The most common clinical finding is macrocephaly and hydrocephaly, but non-specific symptoms can also occur. Researchers illustrated multiple risk factors predominantly carcinogens and genetic factors. Managing these tumors is challenging, with surgery being the gold standard for treatment whereas the use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is risky with this age group. Thus, balancing between aggressive intervention and adverse effects is crucial. This review will be relevant to clinicians and researchers interested in understanding the epidemiology, classification, clinical features, diagnostic features, and management options of NBTs.
新生儿脑肿瘤（NBTs）较为罕见，具有一些将其与大龄儿童肿瘤区分开来的特定特征。NBTs发生在出生后的前28天，发病率较低。它们具有独特的组织学特征，畸胎瘤和胶质瘤是NBTs最主要的类型。最常见的临床症状是巨头畸形和脑积水，但也可能出现非特异性症状。研究人员阐明了多种风险因素，主要是致癌物和遗传因素。治疗这些肿瘤具有挑战性，手术是治疗的金标准，而对于这个年龄组使用化疗和放疗存在风险。因此，在积极干预和不良反应之间取得平衡至关重要。这篇综述将对有兴趣了解NBTs的流行病学、分类、临床特征、诊断特征和治疗选择的临床医生和研究人员具有参考价值。
