Ma Junye, Wagner Glenn, Siconolfi Daniel E, Nacht Carrie L, Storholm Erik D
Department of Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA.
RAND, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
J Homosex. 2025 May 8:1-22. doi: 10.1080/00918369.2025.2501408.
Sexual minority men (SMM) of color in inter-racial/ethnic relationships experience more stress than those in same-race/ethnic relationships. While minority stress in SMM couples has been studied, few studies have examined race/ethnicity and SMM relationship dynamics in an integrative manner, especially at the individual level. This study examined race-based discrimination, internalized racism, and anticipatory stigma among 391 U.S. SMM who reported being in romantic relationships. A MANOVA model analyzed differences in these outcomes across six groups: a) Latinx SMM with a Latinx partner, b) White SMM with a White partner, c) Black SMM with a Black partner, d) Asian SMM with an Asian partner, e) White SMM with a partner of color, and f) SMM of color with a White partner. There were significant differences in internalized racism across Asian, Latinx, and White SMM with a partner who shared the same racial/ethnic background. Anticipatory stigma was significantly higher for Black SMM with a Black partner than for Asian SMM with an Asian partner. SMM of color with a partner of color reported greater internalized racism and race-based discrimination than White SMM with a White partner. Racism and stigma were consistently higher among SMM of color with a White partner than White SMM with a partner of color. Our findings highlight the importance of considering the intersectionality between racial/ethnic identity and relationship dynamics when designing relationship-based interventions.
处于跨种族/族裔关系中的有色人种性少数男性（SMM）比处于同种族/族裔关系中的男性经历更多压力。虽然对SMM伴侣中的少数群体压力进行了研究，但很少有研究以综合方式考察种族/族裔与SMM关系动态，尤其是在个体层面。本研究调查了391名报告处于恋爱关系中的美国SMM的基于种族的歧视、内化种族主义和预期耻辱感。一个多变量方差分析模型分析了这六种群体在这些结果上的差异：a）与拉丁裔伴侣的拉丁裔SMM，b）与白人伴侣的白人SMM，c）与黑人伴侣的黑人SMM，d）与亚洲伴侣的亚洲SMM，e）与有色人种伴侣的白人SMM，f）与白人伴侣的有色人种SMM。在与具有相同种族/族裔背景伴侣的亚洲、拉丁裔和白人SMM中，内化种族主义存在显著差异。与亚洲SMM与亚洲伴侣相比，与黑人伴侣的黑人SMM的预期耻辱感显著更高。与有色人种伴侣的有色人种SMM比与白人伴侣的白人SMM报告了更高的内化种族主义和基于种族的歧视。与白人伴侣的有色人种SMM中的种族主义和耻辱感一直高于与有色人种伴侣的白人SMM。我们的研究结果强调了在设计基于关系的干预措施时考虑种族/族裔身份与关系动态之间交叉性的重要性。
