Kusu Yuto, Furuta Michiko, Kageyama Shinya, Yamashita Yoshihisa, Takeshita Toru
Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Front Oral Health. 2025 Apr 24;6:1524772. doi: 10.3389/froh.2025.1524772. eCollection 2025.
Alcohol consumption has been reported to increase the risk of periodontal disease and various health abnormalities such as obesity, hyperglycemia, and liver abnormalities. While the link between these health abnormalities and periodontal disease has been established, their potential mediating role in the association between alcohol consumption and periodontal disease remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the multiple mediating roles of obesity, hyperglycemia, and liver abnormalities in this association.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 6,529 individuals aged 35-64 years who underwent workplace health check-ups in 2003 (mean age: 45.7 ± 8.7 years). The periodontal condition was evaluated using the mean pocket depth (PD), and participants were classified into no, light/moderate (alcohol consumption 0.1-29.9 g/day), and heavy (≥30 g/day) drinking groups. Causal mediation analysis was performed.
Heavy drinking had a direct effect on the mean PD. Light/moderate drinking had a indirect effect on the mean PD through the body mass index (BMI), glucose level, alanine aminotransferase level (ALT), with proportion mediated of 25.1%, 8.9%, and 18.9%, respectively. The mediating role of glucose level was found in the association between heavy drinking and the mean PD with proportion mediated of 32.7%.
This study confirmed that alcohol consumption was associated with worse periodontal condition among Japanese adults who received workplace health check-ups. This association was partially contributed by several factors such as BMI, glucose level, and ALT.
据报道，饮酒会增加患牙周病以及肥胖、高血糖和肝脏异常等各种健康问题的风险。虽然这些健康问题与牙周病之间的联系已经确立，但它们在饮酒与牙周病关联中潜在的中介作用仍不清楚。因此，本研究旨在探讨肥胖、高血糖和肝脏异常在这种关联中的多重中介作用。
对2003年接受职场健康检查的6529名35 - 64岁个体进行了横断面研究（平均年龄：45.7±8.7岁）。使用平均牙周袋深度（PD）评估牙周状况，参与者被分为不饮酒、轻度/中度饮酒（酒精摄入量0.1 - 29.9克/天）和重度饮酒（≥30克/天）组。进行了因果中介分析。
重度饮酒对平均PD有直接影响。轻度/中度饮酒通过体重指数（BMI）、血糖水平、丙氨酸氨基转移酶水平（ALT）对平均PD有间接影响，中介比例分别为25.1%、8.9%和18.9%。血糖水平在重度饮酒与平均PD的关联中起中介作用，中介比例为32.7%。
本研究证实，在接受职场健康检查的日本成年人中，饮酒与较差的牙周状况相关。这种关联部分由BMI、血糖水平和ALT等多种因素导致。
