Vázquez-Rosas-Landa Mirna, Pérez-Ceballos Rosela, Zaldívar-Jiménez Arturo, Hereira Stephanie, Pérez González Leonardo, Prieto-Davó Alejandra, Celis-Hernández Omar, Canales-Delgadillo Julio Cesar
Unidad Académica de Ecología y Biodiversidad Acuática, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico.
Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología Estación El Carmen, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico.
PeerJ. 2025 May 5;13:e19371. doi: 10.7717/peerj.19371. eCollection 2025.
Mangrove ecosystems play essential roles in coastal resilience, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity but are under increasing threat from anthropogenic pressures. This study explores the impact of hydrological variability on microbial communities in mangrove sediments of the southern Gulf of Mexico.
We employed 16S rRNA sequencing to assess microbial diversity and function across different hydrological zones, seasons, and sediment depths at Estero Pargo.
Our results show that microbial community composition is significantly influenced by hydrological conditions, with distinct microbial assemblages observed across the fringe, basin, and impaired zones. Seasonal variations were particularly pronounced, with higher microbial diversity during the flood season compared to the dry season. Depth also played a critical role, with surface layers (5 cm) predominantly featuring aerobic microbial communities, while deeper layers (20-40 cm) harbored anaerobic taxa such as and . Notably, the impaired zone showed enrichment in genes related to denitrification and sulfur oxidation pathways, indicating strong microbial adaptation to reduced environments. These findings highlight the intricate interactions between microbial dynamics and environmental factors in mangrove ecosystems. Understanding these relationships is crucial for developing effective conservation and management strategies that enhance mangrove resilience in the face of global environmental changes.
红树林生态系统在海岸恢复力、碳固存和生物多样性方面发挥着重要作用，但正面临着日益增加的人为压力威胁。本研究探讨了水文变异性对墨西哥湾南部红树林沉积物中微生物群落的影响。
我们采用16S rRNA测序技术，评估了帕尔戈河口不同水文区域、季节和沉积物深度的微生物多样性和功能。
我们的结果表明，微生物群落组成受水文条件的显著影响，在边缘、盆地和受损区域观察到不同的微生物组合。季节性变化尤为明显，与旱季相比，洪水季节的微生物多样性更高。深度也起着关键作用，表层（5厘米）主要以需氧微生物群落为主，而较深层（20 - 40厘米）则含有厌氧分类群，如 和 。值得注意的是，受损区域显示出与反硝化和硫氧化途径相关的基因富集，表明微生物对还原环境具有很强的适应性。这些发现突出了红树林生态系统中微生物动态与环境因素之间的复杂相互作用。了解这些关系对于制定有效的保护和管理策略至关重要，这些策略能够在面对全球环境变化时增强红树林的恢复力。
