Xiong Jianxiong, Gao Yue, Zhou Yufei, Ip Jack Chi-Ho, Ituarte Santiago, Heras Horacio, Qiu Jian-Wen, Sun Jin
Key Laboratory of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity (Ministry of Education) and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China.
DNA Res. 2025 May 28;32(3). doi: 10.1093/dnares/dsaf010.
The New World Ampullariids, encompassing the ecologically important genera Pomacea and Marisa, are gastropods with dual attributes-serving as model systems for evolutionary and environmental research while posing severe threats as globally invasive species. Here, we present chromosome-scale genomes of four key species-Pomacea canaliculata, P. maculata, P. diffusa, and Marisa cornuarietis-generated through PacBio HiFi sequencing and Hi-C scaffolding. These assemblies exhibit exceptional continuity and completeness (BUSCO scores > 95%) with genome sizes ranging 450-540 Mb, while high-quality annotations predicting 21,687-22,481 protein-coding genes per genome. Comparative analysis reveals divergent genome architectures: the invasive P. canaliculata and P. maculata harbour lower LINE (5.7-5.8%) and LTR (0.7-0.8%) content compared to non-invasive P. diffusa (LINE: 7.7%; LTR: 0.8%) and M. cornuarietis (LINE: 9.5%; LTR: 1.1%), suggesting repeat dynamics linked to ecological plasticity. Macrosynteny analyses identify five dynamic but conserved ancestral chromosomal fusions across species but with limited rearrangements among species. These resources, integrating chromosomal resolution with functional annotation, provide a foundation for comparative studies on molluscan karyotype evolution and adaptive radiation research, as well as possible targets for CRISPR-cas9-driven biocontrol strategies.
新大陆苹果螺科动物包括具有重要生态意义的苹果螺属和福寿螺属，是具有双重属性的腹足纲动物——既是进化和环境研究的模式生物，同时作为全球入侵物种构成严重威胁。在此，我们展示了通过PacBio HiFi测序和Hi-C支架构建技术生成的四个关键物种——福寿螺、黄斑福寿螺、扩散福寿螺和福寿螺的染色体级基因组。这些基因组组装具有卓越的连续性和完整性（BUSCO评分>95%），基因组大小在450-540 Mb之间，同时高质量注释预测每个基因组有21,687-22,481个蛋白质编码基因。比较分析揭示了不同的基因组结构：入侵性的福寿螺和黄斑福寿螺与非入侵性的扩散福寿螺（LINE：7.7%；LTR：0.8%）和福寿螺（LINE：9.5%；LTR：1.1%）相比，LINE（5.7-5.8%）和LTR（0.7-0.8%）含量较低，表明重复序列动态变化与生态可塑性相关。宏观共线性分析确定了物种间五个动态但保守的祖先染色体融合，不过物种间的重排有限。这些资源将染色体分辨率与功能注释相结合，为软体动物核型进化和适应性辐射研究的比较研究提供了基础，也为CRISPR-cas9驱动的生物防治策略提供了可能的靶点。
