Sennary Mohamed, Shah Jalil, Yuan Mingrui, Mahjoub Ahmed, Pervak Vladimir, Golubev Nikolay V, Hassan Mohammed Th
Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
James C. Wyant College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Nat Commun. 2025 May 9;16(1):4335. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59675-5.
In the last decade, advancements in attosecond spectroscopy have allowed researchers to study and manipulate electron dynamics in condensed matter via ultrafast light fields, offering the possibility to realise ultrafast optoelectronic devices. Here, we report the generation of light-induced quantum tunnelling currents in graphene phototransistors by ultrafast laser pulses in an ambient environment. This tunnelling effect provides access to an instantaneous field-driven current, demonstrating a current switching effect (ON and OFF) on a 630 attosecond scale (1.6 petahertz speed). We show the tunability of the tunnelling current and enhancement of the graphene phototransistor conductivity by controlling the density of the photoexcited charge carriers at different pump laser powers. We exploited this capability to demonstrate various logic gates. The reported approach under ambient conditions is suitable for the development of petahertz optical transistors, lightwave electronics, and optical quantum computers.
在过去十年中，阿秒光谱学的进展使研究人员能够通过超快光场研究和操纵凝聚态物质中的电子动力学，为实现超快光电器件提供了可能性。在此，我们报告了在环境条件下，超快激光脉冲在石墨烯光电晶体管中产生光诱导量子隧穿电流。这种隧穿效应提供了一种获得瞬时光场驱动电流的途径，展示了在约630阿秒尺度（约1.6拍赫兹速度）上的电流开关效应（开和关）。我们通过在不同泵浦激光功率下控制光激发电荷载流子的密度，展示了隧穿电流的可调性以及石墨烯光电晶体管电导率的增强。我们利用这一能力演示了各种逻辑门。所报道的在环境条件下的方法适用于拍赫兹光晶体管、光波电子学和光量子计算机的开发。
