Zheng Jiansong, Zhang Tao, Wang Xi
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Rua de Luís Gonzaga Gomes, Macau, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 May 10;25(1):1735. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-22783-4.
Income-health gradients vary in societies with diverse cultures and healthcare access levels, and generalized trust in unknown resources of health services may play a crucial role in these gradients. Multilevel models using a sample of 152,501 respondents from 89 societies are conducted to investigate the mediation effect of generalized trust in the correlation between relative income and self-rated health globally, and the moderating role of healthcare access in the association between relative income and self-rated health. Results show that individuals' relative income significantly and positively predicts their generalized trust, which in turn significantly and positively predicts their self-rated health. In countries and regions with higher levels of healthcare access and quality, a higher level of relative income is positively correlated with increased self-rated health. This study theoretically contributes to the literature on income-health relationships by capturing medical resource access and individual characteristics. Specific policy recommendations include fostering generalized trust, improving healthcare education, and expanding telemedicine.
在文化和医疗服务可及性水平各异的社会中，收入与健康的梯度存在差异，并且对健康服务未知资源的普遍信任可能在这些梯度中发挥关键作用。利用来自89个社会的152,501名受访者的样本进行多层次模型分析，以研究全球范围内普遍信任在相对收入与自评健康之间的相关性中的中介作用，以及医疗服务可及性在相对收入与自评健康之间的关联中的调节作用。结果表明，个人的相对收入显著且正向地预测其普遍信任，而普遍信任反过来又显著且正向地预测其自评健康。在医疗服务可及性和质量较高的国家和地区，较高水平的相对收入与自评健康的提高呈正相关。本研究通过考虑医疗资源可及性和个体特征，在理论上为收入与健康关系的文献做出了贡献。具体的政策建议包括培养普遍信任、改善医疗教育以及扩大远程医疗。
