Al-Lehebi Riyad, Kharraz Razan H, Alreshidi Ohud Fahad
Pulmonary Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J Asthma Allergy. 2025 May 5;18:695-704. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S522414. eCollection 2025.
Biological therapies have revolutionized the approach to treating asthma. This retrospective study evaluates the biologics impact on asthma outcomes, clinical remission, adherence prevalence, and the influence of adherence on outcomes. Baseline characteristics and post-therapy changes were analysed, and adherence was measured using percentage of days covered with therapy (PDC%).
A total of 67 patients initiated on biologics were included. Clinical improvements and statistically significant outcomes were observed across all biologics, including reduced asthma attacks, a lower dose of daily steroids, and improved symptom control and FEV1. Clinical remission was achieved in 24% of those who started on biologics. Patients demonstrated high adherence to biologics in the first year (average PDC% of 86%), though a modest decline to 84.5% was noted in the following year. Logistic regression revealed that adherence trends were not significantly associated with worsening asthma outcomes in the study cohort.
These findings underscore the importance of sustained patient support and education in maintaining high adherence to biological therapies, which can lead to improved asthma outcomes and, in some cases, clinical remission. The study highlights the potential of personalized treatment strategies and adherence-focused programs to optimize asthma management, particularly in severe asthma patients. Future research should explore long-term adherence patterns and the impact of patient-specific factors on treatment success.
生物疗法彻底改变了哮喘的治疗方法。这项回顾性研究评估了生物制剂对哮喘治疗效果、临床缓解、依从性患病率以及依从性对治疗效果的影响。分析了基线特征和治疗后的变化，并使用治疗覆盖天数百分比（PDC%）来衡量依从性。
共有67名开始使用生物制剂的患者纳入研究。在所有生物制剂治疗中均观察到临床改善和具有统计学意义的结果，包括哮喘发作减少、每日类固醇剂量降低、症状控制改善以及第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）提高。开始使用生物制剂的患者中有24%实现了临床缓解。患者在第一年对生物制剂的依从性较高（平均PDC%为86%），不过次年略有下降至84.5%。逻辑回归显示，在研究队列中，依从性趋势与哮喘治疗效果恶化无显著关联。
这些发现强调了持续的患者支持和教育对于维持对生物疗法的高依从性的重要性，这可改善哮喘治疗效果，在某些情况下还能实现临床缓解。该研究突出了个性化治疗策略和以依从性为重点的项目在优化哮喘管理方面的潜力，尤其是在重度哮喘患者中。未来的研究应探索长期依从模式以及患者特定因素对治疗成功的影响。
