Grasmick C, Huel G, Moreau T, Sarmini H
Sci Total Environ. 1985 Mar 1;41(3):207-17. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(85)90142-1.
This study deals with the person-to-person variation in the levels of lead and cadmium in the blood of 6437 subjects (2883 men and 3554 women). The lead level (Pb-B) is clearly higher in men than in women, and the cadmium level (Cd-B) is a little higher in men than in women. Only the Pb-B varies according to age for both sexes. The results reveal that the consumption of alcohol could play an important part in the variation of lead and cadmium levels in the blood; the consumption of alcohol is associated with an increase in Pb-B but a decrease in Cd-B. These variations involving alcohol consumption remain significant regardless of smoking habits. On the other hand, an increase in Pb-B and Cd-B has been noted among smokers and, to a lesser degree, among former smokers, compared with non-smokers.
本研究涉及6437名受试者（2883名男性和3554名女性）血液中铅和镉水平的个体差异。男性的血铅水平（Pb-B）明显高于女性，男性的血镉水平（Cd-B）略高于女性。只有Pb-B在两性中均随年龄变化。结果表明，饮酒可能在血液中铅和镉水平的变化中起重要作用；饮酒与Pb-B升高但Cd-B降低有关。无论吸烟习惯如何，这些与饮酒有关的变化仍然显著。另一方面，与不吸烟者相比，吸烟者以及程度较轻的既往吸烟者的Pb-B和Cd-B有所升高。
