Pashley R M, McGuiggan P M, Ninham B W, Evans D F
Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1088-9. doi: 10.1126/science.4035349.
Long, double-chained alkylammonium acetate surfactants are soluble in water and, under suitable conditions, adsorb onto sheets of muscovite mica, forming an electrically neutral, hydrophobic surface. Attractive forces measured between such surfaces are 10 to 100 times stronger than expected from van der Waals theory over distances D up to about 10 nanometers. The forces decay exponentially [with a force proportional to exp(-D/1.4)] instead of following the power-law behavior of continuum theory. The results of these and earlier experiments indicate that the strength of these attractive forces depends critically on the degree of hydrophobicity of the surface and is due to the long-range influence of the surface on the structure of water. In addition, for very hydrophobic surfaces, the cavitation effects on pulling the surfaces apart are described.
长链双链烷基醋酸铵表面活性剂可溶于水，在合适的条件下，会吸附在白云母片上，形成电中性的疏水表面。在距离D达到约10纳米的范围内，测量到的此类表面之间的吸引力比范德华理论预期的要强10到100倍。这些力呈指数衰减[力与exp(-D/1.4)成正比]，而不是遵循连续介质理论的幂律行为。这些实验以及早期实验的结果表明，这些吸引力的强度关键取决于表面的疏水程度，并且是由于表面对水结构的远程影响所致。此外，还描述了对于非常疏水的表面，将表面拉开时的空化效应。
