Ferreira Julia Sader Neves, Da Silva Roberta Molaz, Hamuche Carolina Fauzi, Do Nascimento Rafael Bonfim, Ribeiro Ana Paula, Gil Saulo, Neves Lucas Melo
Medicine Graduation Department, Santo Amaro University, 04743-030 São Paulo, Brazil; Physical Activity, Sport and Mental Health Laboratory (LAFESAM), Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 13506-900 Rio Claro, Brazil.
Physical Activity, Sport and Mental Health Laboratory (LAFESAM), Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 13506-900 Rio Claro, Brazil; Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo, 01224-001 São Paulo, Brazil.
Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2025 May;53(3):494-503. doi: 10.62641/aep.v53i3.1892.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) refers to a set of symptoms, such as an inability to sustain attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, with a prevalence of 2.0% for the general population. Approximately 2.7% of American medical students report having some form of disability, with ADHD emerging as the most frequently self-disclosed condition. Medical students with a positive ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) score present more depression symptoms in comparison with those with a negative ASRS score. Previous studies suggest that a low amount of time spent in physical activity and a high amount of time spent in sedentary behavior were associated with mental disorders (e.g., anxiety and depression). However, information in the literature on this association with symptoms of ADHD is limited, particularly in medical students.
In this cross-sectional study, we investigated a sample of medical students aged 18 years or older. Individuals diagnosed with ADHD were excluded. Participants completed an online survey, which included questions about demographic and academic experiences, the ADHD Self-Report Scale, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS 22 program, with a significance threshold of p = 0.05.
Out of ninety-nine medical students included, forty individuals (40.4%), demonstrated positive ASRS scores, suggesting a risk for ADHD. After dividing the participants into groups according to their ASRS scores (negative or positive ASRS), the Mann-Whitney comparison revealed that the negative ASRS group exhibited lower daily screen time (9.0 vs 12.0 hours per day; p < 0.01) and reduced anxiety symptoms (8.0 vs 16.0 points; p < 0.01) compared to the positive ASRS group. Furthermore, the linear multiple regression analysis indicated that screen time was a predictor of the ASRS score.
In a sample of medical students, the current study showed a prevalence of 40.4% of positive ASRS. The results suggest that medical students with a positive ASRS score have higher screen time, as well as more symptoms of anxiety. In addition, we found that screen time was a significant predictor of scores in the ASRS.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）指的是一系列症状，如无法持续集中注意力、多动和冲动，在普通人群中的患病率为2.0%。约2.7%的美国医学生报告有某种形式的残疾，其中ADHD是最常自我披露的疾病。ADHD自我报告量表（ASRS）得分呈阳性的医学生与得分呈阴性的医学生相比，表现出更多的抑郁症状。先前的研究表明，体育活动时间少和久坐行为时间长与精神障碍（如焦虑和抑郁）有关。然而，文献中关于这种与ADHD症状关联的信息有限，尤其是在医学生中。
在这项横断面研究中，我们调查了18岁及以上的医学生样本。排除被诊断患有ADHD的个体。参与者完成了一项在线调查，其中包括有关人口统计学和学术经历、ADHD自我报告量表、国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）和贝克焦虑量表（BAI）的问题。使用SPSS 22程序进行统计分析，显著性阈值为p = 0.05。
在纳入的99名医学生中，有40人（40.4%）的ASRS得分呈阳性，表明有患ADHD的风险。根据参与者的ASRS得分（ASRS阴性或阳性）将其分组后，曼-惠特尼比较显示，与ASRS阳性组相比，ASRS阴性组的每日屏幕时间更低（每天9.0小时对12.0小时；p < 0.01），焦虑症状减轻（8.0分对16.0分；p < 0.01）。此外，线性多元回归分析表明，屏幕时间是ASRS得分的一个预测因素。
在一个医学生样本中，当前研究显示ASRS阳性的患病率为40.4%。结果表明，ASRS得分呈阳性的医学生有更长的屏幕时间，以及更多的焦虑症状。此外，我们发现屏幕时间是ASRS得分的一个重要预测因素。
