Sekome Kganetso, Myezwa Hellen, Xavier Gómez-Olivé F, Sherar Lauren B, Esliger Dale
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.
S Afr J Physiother. 2025 Apr 23;81(1):2134. doi: 10.4102/sajp.v81i1.2134. eCollection 2025.
Understanding the physical activity behaviours of adults at risk of poor health is important to inform targeted interventions. We profiled the frequency, intensity, duration and domain (work or non-work) of self-reported physical activities of rural South African adults living with hypertension.
The aim of this study was to provide a profile of the frequency, intensity, duration and domain of self-reported physical activities over a 7-day period in adults with hypertension from a rural sub-district in South Africa.
A total of 429 adults diagnosed with hypertension aged 40 years and above completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Long-Form via telephone interview. Data were summarised using means and standard deviations or medians and interquartile ranges. The Mann-Whitney U test and Krustal-Wallis rank test were used to assess physical activity differences by sex and work status. Statistical significance was set at < 0.05.
The mean age of the participants was 65.1 (standard deviation [s.d.] ± 10.9 years), 58% were women and 52% had paid or unpaid work. Men reported greater (duration and frequency) vigorous physical activity at work compared to women ( = 0.003 and = 0.002). Walking frequency as a mode of transport was higher for working men and women ( < 0.001). Women reported higher frequency of moderate-intensity physical activity inside the house ( < 0.001) and outside the house ( < 0.001) compared to men. Non-working men and women spent more time sitting during the week compared to their working counterparts ( = 0.009).
The physical activity profile of hypertensive adults varied by sex and work status.
Contextual factors such as gender roles are also related to the physical activity profile of hypertensive adults living in rural South Africa and should be considered when designing specific interventions targeted at improving hypertension control for this population.
了解健康状况不佳风险的成年人的身体活动行为对于制定有针对性的干预措施很重要。我们对南非农村地区患有高血压的成年人自我报告的身体活动的频率、强度、持续时间和领域（工作或非工作）进行了分析。
本研究的目的是提供南非一个农村分区中患有高血压的成年人在7天内自我报告的身体活动的频率、强度、持续时间和领域的概况。
共有429名40岁及以上被诊断患有高血压的成年人通过电话访谈完成了国际身体活动问卷长表。数据使用均值和标准差或中位数和四分位间距进行汇总。使用Mann-Whitney U检验和Krustal-Wallis秩和检验来评估按性别和工作状态划分的身体活动差异。统计学显著性设定为<0.05。
参与者的平均年龄为65.1岁（标准差±10.9岁），58%为女性，52%有有偿或无偿工作。与女性相比，男性在工作中报告的剧烈身体活动（持续时间和频率）更多（分别为=0.003和=0.002）。作为交通方式的步行频率，在职男性和女性更高（<0.001）。与男性相比，女性报告在室内（<0.001）和室外（<0.001）进行中等强度身体活动的频率更高。与在职的男性和女性相比，非在职的男性和女性在一周内坐着的时间更多（=0.009）。
高血压成年人的身体活动概况因性别和工作状态而异。
性别角色等背景因素也与南非农村地区高血压成年人的身体活动概况有关，在设计旨在改善该人群高血压控制的具体干预措施时应予以考虑。
