Sead Fadhil Faez, Jain Vicky, R Roopashree, Kashyap Aditya, Saini Suman, Sharma Girish Chandra, Negi Bhakuni Pushpa, Kazemi Mosstafa, Javahershenas Ramin
Department of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.
Department of Medical analysis, Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq.
ChemistryOpen. 2025 May 13:e2500024. doi: 10.1002/open.202500024.
This research introduces the preparation and analysis of a newly heterogeneous catalyst developed silica nanospheres supporting a ferrocene-containing ionic liquid (IL) (SiO@Benzothiazole-Cl@Fc) for the A3 coupling reaction. The catalyst facilitates the efficient synthesis of 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoles from aromatic hydrazides, aldehydes, and aromatic alkynes. Incorporating ferrocene enhances the catalytic activity. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including NMR, Fourier transform infrared, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, confirm the successful functionalization of silica nanospheres. The catalytic performance was evaluated under various reaction conditions, demonstrating high yields and selectivity for the desired pyrazole products. This work highlights the potential of ferrocene-based ILs in green chemistry applications, providing a sustainable approach to synthesizing valuable heterocyclic compounds.
本研究介绍了一种新开发的用于A3偶联反应的非均相催化剂的制备与分析，该催化剂是负载含二茂铁离子液体（IL）的二氧化硅纳米球（SiO@苯并噻唑 - Cl@Fc）。该催化剂有助于由芳香酰肼、醛和芳香炔烃高效合成1,3,5 - 三取代吡唑。引入二茂铁提高了催化活性。包括核磁共振、傅里叶变换红外光谱、透射电子显微镜、能量色散X射线光谱和扫描电子显微镜在内的综合表征技术证实了二氧化硅纳米球的成功功能化。在各种反应条件下评估了催化性能，结果表明对所需吡唑产物具有高收率和选择性。这项工作突出了基于二茂铁的离子液体在绿色化学应用中的潜力，为合成有价值的杂环化合物提供了一种可持续的方法。
