2023年美国工人中耳毒性化学物质暴露、噪声暴露及听力困难的患病率
Prevalence of Ototoxic Chemical Exposure, Noise Exposure and Hearing Difficulty Among Workers in the United States, 2023.
作者信息
Masterson Elizabeth A, Morata Thais C, Themann Christa L
机构信息
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States.
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2025 May 8. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003445.
OBJECTIVE
This study estimated the prevalence of hearing difficulty and workplace exposures to ototoxic chemicals and noise within U.S. industries and occupations.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study examined 2023 National Health Interview Survey data for 17,726 workers. Weighted prevalence and adjusted prevalence ratios of self-reported hearing difficulty and self-reported workplace exposures to ototoxic chemicals, noise and a combination of these exposures were estimated.
RESULTS
Eleven percent of workers reported hearing difficulty. Within the past year, 13% were exposed to ototoxic chemicals, 16% were exposed to noise, and 7% were exposed to both. Twenty-eight percent had a history of noise exposure.
CONCLUSIONS
Workplace hearing hazards are common. This study was the first to report the overall prevalence of ototoxic chemical exposure among U.S. workers. This exposure cannot be overlooked when protecting worker hearing.
目的
本研究估算了美国各行业和职业中听力困难以及工作场所接触耳毒性化学物质和噪声的流行情况。
方法
这项横断面研究分析了2023年全国健康访谈调查中17726名工人的数据。估算了自我报告的听力困难以及自我报告的工作场所接触耳毒性化学物质、噪声和这些暴露组合的加权流行率和调整后的流行率比值。
结果
11%的工人报告有听力困难。在过去一年中，13%的人接触过耳毒性化学物质，16%的人接触过噪声，7%的人同时接触过这两种物质。28%的人有噪声暴露史。
结论
工作场所听力危害很常见。本研究首次报告了美国工人中耳毒性化学物质暴露的总体流行情况。在保护工人听力时，这种暴露不容忽视。
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