Salari Ghazal, Shadi Ahmad, Ahmadi Amirhossein, Esfandyari Javid, Nikmanesh Hossein
Department of Biological Science and Technology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 751691, Iran.
The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 13;15(1):16598. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-01504-2.
The use of biogenic nanoparticles as targeted drug delivery systems has gained increasing attention for improving anticancer therapies. This study investigates the effectiveness of porous biosilica derived from the diatom Chaetoceros sp., functionalized with hydrophilic GPTMS, labeled with CD-19 antibody, and loaded with doxorubicin in targeting Raji cells, a B lymphoid cell line. Biosilica was extracted, purified, and modified for enhanced drug delivery. Characterization involved X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, zeta potential measurement, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, followed by drug loading and release measurements. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay and apoptosis tests, with Jurkat cells as non-target controls. Results confirmed successful GPTMS surface modification and revealed the amorphous structure of biosilica, with mean intraparticle pore sizes of 130 nm (BET). The drug loading capacity reached 53.92%. The system exhibited significant cytotoxic effects on Raji cells (IC = 0.1 mg/mL), with lower Jurkat cell survival (p < 0.05). Enhanced apoptosis was detected in Raji cells. These findings suggest the modified biosilica has substantial potential for targeted drug delivery, with the antibody enhancing attachment and release at target sites. Further investigation is needed to address biocompatibility and bioaccumulation for in vivo applications.
将生物源纳米颗粒用作靶向给药系统已在改善抗癌治疗方面获得了越来越多的关注。本研究调查了源自硅藻角毛藻属、用亲水性GPTMS功能化、用CD-19抗体标记并负载阿霉素的多孔生物二氧化硅在靶向B淋巴细胞系Raji细胞方面的有效性。提取、纯化并修饰生物二氧化硅以增强药物递送。表征涉及X射线衍射（XRD）、布鲁诺尔-埃米特-泰勒（BET）分析、zeta电位测量、动态光散射（DLS）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）光谱，随后进行药物负载和释放测量。使用MTT测定法和凋亡测试评估细胞毒性，以Jurkat细胞作为非靶标对照。结果证实了GPTMS表面修饰成功，并揭示了生物二氧化硅的无定形结构，平均颗粒内孔径为130 nm（BET）。药物负载能力达到53.92%。该系统对Raji细胞表现出显著的细胞毒性作用（IC = 0.1 mg/mL），Jurkat细胞存活率较低（p < 0.05）。在Raji细胞中检测到凋亡增强。这些发现表明，修饰后的生物二氧化硅在靶向药物递送方面具有巨大潜力，抗体可增强在靶位点的附着和释放。需要进一步研究以解决体内应用中的生物相容性和生物蓄积问题。
