Wen Xin, Nie Meimei, Zhang Zhongyuan, Xiong Lingming, Feng Jialin, Zhang Zhi, Li Dajing, Bao Yihong, Wu Haihong
College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
Foods. 2025 Apr 23;14(9):1457. doi: 10.3390/foods14091457.
Plasma-activated water (PAW) treatment is a promising technique for food processing, but it causes sublethal injury (SI) to microorganisms. This study investigated the effect of ultrasound (US) combined with PAW (US-PAW) on SI of (). Results showed that, after plasma activation for 10 min and treatment for 10 min, the US-PAW treatment caused a 4.89 ± 0.07 log CFU/mL reduction in . Meanwhile, under these conditions, the SI rate of was decreased to 13.3 ± 2.15%, significantly reduced by 52.74% compared to using PAW alone. The inactivation process of US-PAW treatment fitted the Weibull model better. The morphology of was destroyed by PAW and US-PAW treatment. Additionally, US-PAW treatment significantly increased the leakage of protein and nucleic acid, as well as cell membrane permeability and potential. Compared to PAW or US treatment, the proportion of membrane fatty acids and the structure of membrane proteins were altered in the US-PAW group. Furthermore, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased by US-PAW treatment, and the levels of GSH, SOD, and CAT enzyme activities were significantly reduced, compared to PAW or US treatment. The combined treatment also resulted in significant DNA oxidative damage. The disruption of cell membrane structure and oxidative damage caused by US-PAW treatment resulted in irreversible damage to bacteria, thus reducing the SI rate.
等离子体活化水（PAW）处理是一种很有前景的食品加工技术，但它会对微生物造成亚致死损伤（SI）。本研究调查了超声（US）与PAW联合处理（US-PAW）对（此处原文缺失相关微生物名称）SI的影响。结果表明，在等离子体活化10分钟并处理10分钟后，US-PAW处理使（此处原文缺失相关微生物名称）的数量减少了4.89±0.07 log CFU/mL。同时，在这些条件下，（此处原文缺失相关微生物名称）的SI率降至13.3±2.15%，与单独使用PAW相比显著降低了52.74%。US-PAW处理的失活过程更符合韦布尔模型。PAW和US-PAW处理破坏了（此处原文缺失相关微生物名称）的形态。此外，US-PAW处理显著增加了蛋白质和核酸的泄漏，以及细胞膜通透性和电位。与PAW或US处理相比，US-PAW组的膜脂肪酸比例和膜蛋白结构发生了改变。此外，US-PAW处理使细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平升高，与PAW或US处理相比，谷胱甘肽（GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的酶活性水平显著降低。联合处理还导致了显著的DNA氧化损伤。US-PAW处理引起的细胞膜结构破坏和氧化损伤导致细菌受到不可逆损伤，从而降低了SI率。
