Kuan Shuping, Chin Nyuk Ling, Tee Tuan Poy, Hasnan Noor Zafira Noor
Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
Food Safety and Quality Division, Penang State Health Department, George Town 11600, Penang, Malaysia.
Foods. 2025 Apr 26;14(9):1517. doi: 10.3390/foods14091517.
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology was applied to evaluate Food Safety Management System (FSMS) performance in seafood-processing factories by exploring microbiome diversity alongside traditional methods for detecting foodborne pathogens. A total of 210 environmental swabs collected from processing zones in six factories underwent 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. FSMS-certified factories exhibited significantly higher species richness, with alpha diversity -values of 0.0036 for observed ASVs, 0.0026 for Faith's PD and 0.032 for Shannon. Beta diversity analysis also revealed significant differences, with p-values of 0.001 for Bray-Curtis, unweighted UniFrac and Jaccard. Pathogens like , spp. and were present in "uncertified" factories but absent in the "certified" factories. The "certified" factories had a significantly higher proportion of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) genera (70.22%) compared to "uncertified" factories (29.78%). The LAB genera included , , and others. NGS has demonstrated superior capability by providing comprehensive microbiome detection, including the unculturable microorganisms and insights into microbial diversity, so it lacks the limitations that come with traditional culturing. These findings highlight the potential for leveraging beneficial microbes in bioremediation and pathogen control to enhance FSMS effectiveness in seafood-processing environments.
下一代测序（NGS）技术被应用于评估海鲜加工厂的食品安全管理体系（FSMS）绩效，通过探索微生物群落多样性并结合传统的食源性病原体检测方法。从六个工厂的加工区域收集的总共210份环境拭子样本进行了16S rRNA扩增子测序。获得FSMS认证的工厂表现出显著更高的物种丰富度，观察到的ASV的α多样性值为0.0036，Faith's PD为0.0026，香农指数为0.032。β多样性分析也显示出显著差异，Bray-Curtis、非加权UniFrac和Jaccard的p值均为0.001。诸如 、 属和 等病原体存在于“未认证”工厂中，但在“已认证”工厂中不存在。与“未认证”工厂（29.78%）相比，“已认证”工厂中乳酸菌（LAB）属的比例显著更高（70.22%）。LAB属包括 、 、 等。NGS通过提供全面的微生物群落检测，包括不可培养微生物以及对微生物多样性的深入了解，已证明具有卓越的能力，因此它没有传统培养方法所具有的局限性。这些发现凸显了利用有益微生物进行生物修复和病原体控制以提高海鲜加工环境中FSMS有效性的潜力。
