Costa Filipa, Mendanha Daniel, Gomes Joana M, Oliveira Juliana A S A, Ribeiro Cecília, Miranda Ana Francisca, Barbosa José R M, Soares Olívia Salomé G P, Pereira Manuel Fernando R, Santos Jorge, Freitas Beatriz, Silva Carla J
CITEVE-Portuguese Technological Center for the Textile and Clothing Industry, Rua Fernando Mesquita 2785, 4760-034 Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal.
CeNTI-Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Rua Fernando Mesquita 2785, 4760-034 Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Apr 30;18(9):2054. doi: 10.3390/ma18092054.
The rapid growth of the global population has led to significant environmental impacts, driven by the unsustainable extraction of resources and waste generation. To address these challenges, the valorisation of by-products from different industries is crucial for maximising resource efficiency, reducing waste, and promoting sustainable practices. In this study, a comprehensive characterisation of the physicochemical properties of plant-based by-products, including rice husk (RH), oregano stalks (OS), eucalyptus leaves (EL), and almond shells (AS), was conducted. The analyses of the residues showed that, despite the similarities regarding cellulose and lignin content in all materials, RH and OS present a higher cellulose content, while EL and AS contain a greater percentage of oils. Additionally, calcium and potassium were identified as the metals at higher concentrations in all residues. The EL and RH present significant hydrophobic properties compared to the other analysed residues, showcased by their lower wettability. The morphological analyses of the waste residues revealed that OS and RH particles exhibit fibrous characteristics with heterogeneous sizes, while EL is a blend of fibrous and amorphous particles, and AS is composed of smaller particles with irregular shapes. All the residues retained their antioxidant properties over a 12-month storage period, with no degradation due to grinding. The composition and physicochemical properties of these residues highlight their potential to be used in distinct industries, including construction, transport, and textiles, promoting a circular economy and supporting a more sustainable environment.
全球人口的快速增长导致了重大的环境影响，这是由不可持续的资源开采和废物产生所驱动的。为应对这些挑战，不同行业副产品的增值对于最大化资源效率、减少废物以及促进可持续实践至关重要。在本研究中，对包括稻壳（RH）、牛至茎（OS）、桉树叶（EL）和杏仁壳（AS）在内的植物基副产品的物理化学性质进行了全面表征。对这些残渣的分析表明，尽管所有材料中纤维素和木质素含量相似，但RH和OS的纤维素含量较高，而EL和AS含有更高比例的油脂。此外，钙和钾被确定为所有残渣中浓度较高的金属。与其他分析的残渣相比，EL和RH具有显著的疏水特性，其较低的润湿性证明了这一点。对废渣的形态分析表明，OS和RH颗粒呈现出尺寸不均一的纤维状特征，而EL是纤维状和无定形颗粒的混合物，AS由形状不规则的较小颗粒组成。所有残渣在12个月的储存期内都保持了其抗氧化性能，没有因研磨而降解。这些残渣的组成和物理化学性质突出了它们在建筑、运输和纺织等不同行业中使用的潜力，促进了循环经济并支持了更可持续的环境。
